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Shloka 17

Adharmic Victory as Unstable; Rules of Restraint, Mediation, and Conciliation (अधर्मविजय-अध्रुवत्व तथा क्षमा-नयः)

यस्य स्फीतो जनपद: सम्पन्न: प्रियराजक: । संतुष्टभृत्यसचिवो दृढमूल: स पार्थिव:,जिस राजाका देश समृद्धिशाली, धन-धान्यसे सम्पन्न तथा राजभक्त होता है और जिसके सेवक एवं मन्त्री संतुष्ट रहते हैं, उसीकी जड़ मजबूत मानी जाती है

yasya sphīto janapadaḥ sampannaḥ priyarājakaḥ | santuṣṭabhṛtyasacivo dṛḍhamūlaḥ sa pārthivaḥ ||

भीष्म म्हणाले—ज्या राजाचा जनपद समृद्ध असतो, धन-धान्याने परिपूर्ण असतो, प्रजा प्रिय राजावर अनुरक्त असते, आणि ज्याचे भृत्य व सचिव संतुष्ट असतात—तोच पार्थिव दृढमूल, म्हणजे स्थिर राज्याचा मानला जातो.

यस्यwhose
यस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
स्फीतःprosperous, flourishing
स्फीतः:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootस्फीत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जनपदःrealm, country
जनपदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजनपद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सम्पन्नःendowed, well-provided
सम्पन्नः:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्पन्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle), सम् + पद्
प्रियराजकःhaving a king dear (to the people) / with a beloved king
प्रियराजकः:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रियराजक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सन्तुष्टभृत्यसचिवःwhose servants and ministers are satisfied
सन्तुष्टभृत्यसचिवः:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootसन्तुष्टभृत्यसचिव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दृढमूलःfirm-rooted, having a strong foundation
दृढमूलः:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootदृढमूल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe, that (king)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थिवःking, ruler
पार्थिवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
P
pārthiva (the king)
J
janapada (the realm/people)
B
bhṛtya (servants/retainers)
S
saciva (ministers/counselors)

Educational Q&A

A king’s stability rests on two pillars: the prosperity of the realm and the contentment of those who serve in governance. When subjects thrive and officials are satisfied, the rule is 'firm-rooted'—secure and aligned with rajadharma.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on kingship, Bhishma is advising Yudhishthira on rajadharma. Here he describes the marks of a well-established ruler: a flourishing country, loyal subjects, and satisfied ministers and retainers.