Shloka 33

Āśrama-dharma: Duties of the Four Life-Stages (आश्रमधर्मः)

Devanagari script

यातयामानि देयानि शूद्राय परिचारिणे । तीनों वर्णोकी शूद्रका भरण-पोषण अवश्य करना चाहिये; क्योंकि वह भरण-पोषण करने योग्य कहा गया है। अपनी सेवामें रहनेवाले शूद्रको उपभोगमें लाये हुए छाते, पगड़ी, अनुलेपन, जूते और पंखे देने चाहिये || ३२ ई ।। अधार्याणि विशीर्णानि वसनानि द्विजातिभि:

Transliteration

bhīṣma uvāca | yātayāmāni deyāni śūdrāya paricāriṇe | adhāryāṇi viśīrṇāni vasanāni dvijātibhiḥ |

Translation

भीष्म म्हणाले—जो शूद्र घरात सेवा करतो, त्याला वापरून झालेले व देण्यास योग्य असे पदार्थ द्यावेत. द्विजांना परिधानास अयोग्य झालेले जीर्ण वस्त्र इत्यादी सेवक शूद्राला द्यावेत.

Word by Word

यातयामानिused/second-hand (articles)

देयानिto be given / should be given

शूद्रायto the Śūdra

परिचारिणेto the attendant/servant

अधार्याणिunfit to be worn

विशीर्णानिtorn/worn-out

वसनानिgarments/clothes

द्विजातिभिःby the twice-born (Brahmin/Kshatriya/Vaishya)

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhishma

Shudra

dvija (twice-born)

garments/clothing

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A householder should provide for dependents and attendants; specifically, items no longer suitable for the twice-born—such as worn garments—should be given to the serving Śūdra as part of responsible maintenance and ethical household conduct.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma continues advising on social and household obligations, describing what kinds of goods may appropriately be given to a serving Śūdra—namely, previously used or worn items.