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Shloka 161

Śuka’s Guṇa-Transcendence and Vyāsa’s Consolation (शुकगति-वर्णनम्)

नास्त्यसाधारणो राजा नास्ति राज्यमराजकम्‌ | राज्येडसति कुतो धर्मो धर्मेडसति कुत: परम्‌,साधारण प्रजा न हो तो कोई राजा नहीं हो सकता। राजा न हो तो राज्य नहीं टिक सकता। राज्य न हो तो धर्म कैसे रह सकता है और धर्म न हो तो परमात्माकी प्राप्ति कैसे हो सकती है?

nāsty asādhāraṇo rājā nāsti rājyam arājakam | rājyed asati kuto dharmo dharmed asati kutaḥ param ||

भीष्म म्हणाले—सामान्य जनांपासून वेगळा असा राजा नसतो आणि राजाविना राज्य टिकत नाही. राज्य नसेल तर धर्म कसा राहील, आणि धर्म नसेल तर परमाची प्राप्ती कशी होईल?

nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
astiis/exists
asti:
TypeVerb
Rootas
FormLat (present indicative), 3rd, singular, Parasmaipada
asādhāraṇaḥnon-common, exceptional
asādhāraṇaḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootasādhāraṇa
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
rājāking
rājā:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootrājan
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
astiis/exists
asti:
TypeVerb
Rootas
FormLat (present indicative), 3rd, singular, Parasmaipada
rājyamkingdom, state
rājyam:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootrājya
Formneuter, nominative, singular
arājakamkingless, without a king
arājakam:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootarājaka
Formneuter, nominative, singular
rājyein the kingdom/state
rājye:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootrājya
Formneuter, locative, singular
asatiwhen absent / in non-existence
asati:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootasat
Formneuter, locative, singular
kutaḥwhence? how (possible)?
kutaḥ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkutaḥ
dharmaḥdharma, righteousness
dharmaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootdharma
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
dharmein dharma / when dharma exists
dharme:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootdharma
Formmasculine, locative, singular
asatiwhen absent / in non-existence
asati:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootasat
Formmasculine, locative, singular
kutaḥwhence? how (possible)?
kutaḥ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkutaḥ
paramthe highest, the supreme (goal)
param:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootpara
Formneuter, nominative, singular

भीष्य उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rājā (king)
R
rājyam (kingdom/polity)
D
dharma
P
param (Supreme)

Educational Q&A

Dharma depends on stable governance: without a ruler and an ordered polity, social and moral life deteriorate; and without dharma, the highest spiritual attainment (the Supreme) becomes inaccessible.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on statecraft and ethics, Bhīṣma teaches Yudhiṣṭhira that kingship and political order are not merely administrative but foundational for protecting dharma and enabling the people’s pursuit of the highest good.