Shloka 18
Śakra–Namuci-saṃvāda: Śoka-nivāraṇa and Daiva-vicāra
Indra and Namuci on grief, composure, and inevitability
द्रव्यत्यागे तु कर्माणि भोगत्यागे व्रतान्यपि । सुखत्यागे तपो योगं सर्वत्यागे समापना
Bhīṣma uvāca: dravya-tyāge tu karmāṇi bhoga-tyāge vratāny api | sukha-tyāge tapo yogaṃ sarva-tyāge samāpanā ||
शास्त्रांमध्ये द्रव्यत्यागासाठी यज्ञादि कर्म, भोगत्यागासाठी व्रत, देहसुखत्यागासाठी तप, आणि सर्वत्याग—अहंता, ममता, आसक्ती, कामना इत्यादींचा परित्याग—यासाठी योगाचे अनुष्ठान सांगितले आहे. हीच त्यागाची परम सीमा आहे।
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Renunciation is graded: giving up wealth is supported by ritual duty; giving up pleasures by vows; giving up bodily comfort by austerity; but the highest renunciation is inner total letting-go—ego, possessiveness, attachment, and desire—fulfilled through Yoga.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Bhīṣma teaches Yudhiṣṭhira a hierarchy of practices, showing how external renunciations culminate in the inner, comprehensive renunciation taught as Yoga.