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Shloka 47

मृदु-तीक्ष्ण-नीति तथा दुष्टलक्षण-विज्ञानम्

Measured Policy and the Recognition of Malicious Disposition

तूष्णीम्भावे5पि विज्ञेयं न भेद्‌ भवति कारणम्‌ । निःश्वासं चोष्ठसंदंशं शिरसश्च प्रकम्पनम्‌,चुप बैठनेपर भी उस व्यक्तिकी दुष्टताको इस प्रकार जाना जा सकता है। निःश्वास छोड़नेका कोई कारण न होनेपर भी जो किसीके गुणोंका वर्णन होते समय लंबी-लंबी साँस छोड़े, ओठ चबाये और सिर हिलाये, वह दुष्ट है

tūṣṇīṁbhāve ’pi vijñeyaṁ na bhed bhavati kāraṇam | niḥśvāsaṁ coṣṭha-sandaṁśaṁ śirasaś ca prakampanam ||

भीष्म म्हणाले—माणूस गप्प बसला तरी ओळखता येते; मौन म्हणजे भेदबुद्धी नाही असे मानू नये. कोणाच्या गुणांचे वर्णन चालू असताना कारण नसताना दीर्घ श्वास सोडणे, ओठ दाबणे/चावणे आणि डोके हलवणे—ही चिन्हे अंतःकरणातील दुष्टता दाखवतात.

तूष्णीम्silently
तूष्णीम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूष्णीम्
भावेin a state/condition
भावे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभाव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
विज्ञेयम्is to be known/should be recognized
विज्ञेयम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-ज्ञा
Formतव्यत् (gerundive), Neuter, Nominative, Singular, Passive (obligation)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भेदःdifference/distinction
भेदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभेद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवतिis/occurs
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कारणम्cause/reason
कारणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकारण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
निःश्वासम्sigh/breathing out
निःश्वासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिःश्वास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ओष्ठof the lip
ओष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootओष्ठ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
संदंशम्biting/pressing (with the teeth)
संदंशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंदंश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
शिरसःof the head
शिरसः:
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रकम्पनम्shaking/trembling
प्रकम्पनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकम्पन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

Silence alone does not prove goodness; subtle bodily reactions—especially resentment during the praise of others—can disclose envy and inner wickedness.

In Bhīṣma’s instruction on righteous conduct and discernment, he explains how to detect a person’s ill will even when the person does not speak, by observing involuntary signs like sighing, lip-biting, and head-shaking.