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Shloka 9

सभा-पर्व, अध्याय 56: विदुरस्य द्यूत-निन्दा

Vidura’s Censure of Dicing and Warning to the Kurus

भयं परिहरन्‌ मन्द आत्मानं परिपालयन्‌ | वर्षासु क्लिन्नकटवत्‌ तिष्ठन्नेवावसीदति,मूर्ख मनुष्य भयका त्याग और आत्मरक्षा करते हुए भी यदि चुपचाप बैठा रहे, उद्योग न करे, तो वह वर्षाकालमें भींगी हुई चटाईके समान नष्ट हो जाता है

bhayaṃ pariharan manda ātmānaṃ paripālayan | varṣāsu klinnakaṭavat tiṣṭhann evāvasīdati ||

दुर्योधन म्हणाला—मंदबुद्धी मनुष्य भय टाकून देऊन आणि स्वतःचे रक्षण करत असला, तरी जर तो गप्प बसून उद्योगच केला नाही, तर तो पावसात भिजलेल्या चटईसारखा कुजून नष्ट होतो.

भयम्fear
भयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
परिहरन्abandoning/avoiding
परिहरन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-हृ
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
मन्दःdull, foolish
मन्दः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमन्द
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आत्मानम्self
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
परिपालयन्protecting
परिपालयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-पाल
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
वर्षासुin the rainy season(s)
वर्षासु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवर्षा
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
क्लिन्नकटवत्like a soaked mat
क्लिन्नकटवत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्लिन्नकटवत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, indeclinable -वत् suffix used adverbially/comparatively; agrees loosely with the implied comparison
तिष्ठन्standing, remaining
तिष्ठन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अवसीदतिperishes/sinks into ruin
अवसीदति:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-सीद
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
S
soaked mat (kaṭa)

Educational Q&A

Fearlessness and self-protection are not enough by themselves; without initiative and sustained effort, a person declines—illustrated by the image of a rain-soaked mat that collapses and rots.

In the Sabha Parva context, Duryodhana is voicing a hard, political-ethical maxim: in a competitive royal world, mere caution and passive waiting are ruinous; one must act (udyoga) to secure one’s aims.