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Shloka 50

वसुदेव–अर्जुन संवादः

Vasudeva–Arjuna Dialogue in the Aftermath of Dvārakā

महता सिंहनादेन त्रासयन्त: पृथग्जनम्‌ | अभिपेतुर्वधार्थ ते कालपर्यायचोदिता:,समयके उलट-फेरसे प्रेरणा पाकर वे लुटेरे उन सबके वधके लिये उतारू हो अपने महान्‌ सिंहनादसे साधारण लोगोंको डराते हुए उनकी ओर दौड़े

mahātā siṁhanādena trāsayantaḥ pṛthagjanam | abhipetur vadhārtha te kālaparyāyacoditāḥ ||

काळाच्या उलटफेराने प्रेरित झालेले ते लुटेरे, मोठा सिंहनाद करून सामान्य जनांना भयभीत करीत, वधासाठी उतावीळ होऊन त्यांच्यावर तुटून पडले।

महताwith a great
महता:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
सिंहनादेनlion-roar (roar like a lion)
सिंहनादेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसिंहनाद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
त्रासयन्तःfrightening
त्रासयन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootत्रासय् (त्रस् caus.)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, शतृ (present active participle)
पृथक्separately / individually
पृथक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक्
जनम्people
जनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभिपेतुःthey rushed upon / sprang towards
अभिपेतुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√पत्
FormPerfect (लिट्), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
वधार्थम्for the purpose of killing
वधार्थम्:
Prayojana
TypeNoun
Rootवधार्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तेthey / those (men)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कालपर्यायचोदिताःimpelled by the turn/agency of Time
कालपर्यायचोदिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकालपर्यायचोदित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)

वैशम्पायन उवाच

वैशम्पायन (Vaiśampāyana)
पृथग्जन (common people)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the Mahābhārata theme that when Kāla (time/fate) turns, destructive tendencies intensify and people act as if compelled. Ethically, it warns that social violence often arises from a convergence of inner vice and outer circumstance, and that the innocent—pṛthagjana—are most vulnerable when order collapses.

A group of attackers, roaring loudly like lions, charge forward with the intent to kill, frightening ordinary townspeople. The narrator frames their aggression as being driven by the inevitable turn of time (kālaparyāya), signaling an approaching catastrophe characteristic of the Mausala Parva.