Shloka 22

Devanagari script

जज्वाल भीम॑ं स तदा स्मयेन संशृण्वतां कौरवसोमकानाम्‌ । उक्तस्तदा55जौ स तथा सरोषं जगाद भीम॑ परिवर्तनेत्र:

Transliteration

jajvāla bhīmaṁ sa tadā smayena saṁśṛṇvatāṁ kaurava-somakānām | uktas tadā yuddhe sa tathā saroṣaṁ jagāda bhīmaṁ parivartanetraḥ ||

Translation

संजय म्हणाला—तेव्हा कौरव व सोमक यांच्या ऐकण्यात, दुःशासन हसत भिमाकडे पाहून क्रोधाने पेटला. रणांगणात भिमाने असे बोलताच त्याच्या डोळ्यांचा भाव पालटला; मग तो हसत-हसत भिमाला रोषाने उत्तर देऊ लागला.

Word by Word

• जज्वाल: blazed up, flared (with anger)
• जज्वाल: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्वल्
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

• भीमम्: Bhima
• भीमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• स्मयेन: with a smile
• स्मयेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्मय
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• संशृण्वताम्: of (those) listening
• संशृण्वताम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-श्रु (शृणु)
• Form: Present active participle, Masculine/Neuter (genitive plural form), Genitive, Plural

• कौरव: of the Kauravas
• कौरव: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौरव
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• सोमकानाम्: of the Somakas
• सोमकानाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोमक
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• उक्तः: having been addressed / when spoken to
• उक्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• असौ: that man / he (there)
• असौ: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: असद्/अदस् (प्रोन.)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तथा: thus, in that manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• सरोषम्: with anger, angrily
• सरोषम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स-रोष
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• जगाद: said, spoke
• जगाद: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: गद्
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

• भीमम्: to Bhima
• भीमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• परिवर्तन-नेत्रः: whose eyes were rolling/changed (in anger)
• परिवर्तन-नेत्रः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परिवर्तन-नेत्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhīma (Bhīmasena)
• Duḥśāsana
• Kauravas
• Somakas
• battlefield (yuddha-raṅga)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how words spoken in war can trigger immediate emotional escalation: a smile can mask contempt, and anger can override restraint. Ethically, it warns that hostile speech and retaliatory intent intensify adharma-like conduct even within a kṣatriya battlefield setting, where self-control remains a virtue.

What is happening in the narrative?

After Bhīma utters a fierce statement on the battlefield, Duḥśāsana turns to look at him. Seeing Bhīma, Duḥśāsana becomes inflamed with anger; his expression changes, and in front of both Kauravas and Somakas he smiles and then replies to Bhīma in a wrathful tone.