Shloka 20

वत्सान्‌ कलिड्रांस्तरलानश्मकानृषिकानपि । (शबरान्‌ परहृणांश्व प्रहूणान्‌ सरलानपि । म्लेच्छराष्ट्राधिपां श्वैव दुर्गानाटविकांस्तथा ।।) जित्वैतान्‌ समरे वीरश्नक्रे बलिभृत: पुरा,जिस वीरने पहले समस्त काम्बोज, आवन्त्य, केकय, गान्धार, मद्र, मत्स्य, त्रिगर्त, तंगण, शक, पांचाल, विदेह, कुलिन्द, काशी, कोसल, सुहा, अंग, वंग, निषाद, पुण्ड्र, चीरक, वत्स, कलिंग, तरल, अश्मक तथा ऋषिक--इन सभी देशों तथा शबर, परहूण, प्रहूण और सरल जातिके लोगों, म्लेच्छराज्यके अधिपतियों तथा दुर्ग एवं वनोंमें रहनेवाले योद्धाओं-को समरभूमिमें जीतकर कर देनेवाला बना दिया था

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

vatsān kaliṅgāṁs taralān aśmakān ṛṣikān api |

(śabarān parahūṇāṁś ca prahūṇān saralān api |

mleccharāṣṭrādhipāṁś caiva durgānāṭavikāṁs tathā ||)

jitvaitān samare vīraḥ śakre balibhṛtaḥ purā |

वैशंपायन म्हणाले—त्या वीराने रणांगणात वत्स, कलिंग, तरल, अश्मक व ऋषिक; तसेच शबर, परहूण, प्रहूण व सरल; म्लेच्छ-राज्यांचे अधिपती; आणि दुर्गांत व अरण्यात राहणारे योद्धे—या सर्वांना जिंकून पूर्वी शक्र (इंद्र) यांस करभृत, म्हणजेच कर देणारे, असे केले होते।

वत्सान्the Vatsa people/country
वत्सान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवत्स (जनपद/देश)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कलिङ्गान्the Kalingas
कलिङ्गान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकलिङ्ग (जनपद/देश)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तरलान्the Taralas
तरलान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतरल (जन/देश-नाम)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अश्मकान्the Ashmakas
अश्मकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्मक (जनपद/देश)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ऋषिकान्the Rishikas
ऋषिकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋषिक (जन/देश-नाम)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
शबरान्the Shabaras
शबरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशबर (जनजाति)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
परहूणान्the Parahunas
परहूणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपरहूण (जनजाति/विदेशी)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रहूणान्the Prahunas
प्रहूणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रहूण (जनजाति/विदेशी)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सरलान्the Saralas
सरलान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसरल (जन/देश-नाम)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
म्लेच्छराष्ट्राधिपान्the rulers of Mleccha kingdoms
म्लेच्छराष्ट्राधिपान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootम्लेच्छ-राष्ट्र-अधिप (समास)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
दुर्गानाटविकान्those of forts and forests (fort-dwellers and forest-dwellers)
दुर्गानाटविकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्ग-नाटविक (समास)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तथाlikewise/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
जित्वाhaving conquered
जित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootजि (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
एतान्these (people/lands)
एतान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वीरःthe hero
वीरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चक्रेmade/did
चक्रे:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
बलिभृतःtribute-bearers (those who pay tribute)
बलिभृतः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबलि-भृत् (समास; भृत् = धातु √भृ 'to bear')
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पुराformerly/once
पुरा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
Ś
Śakra (Indra)
V
Vatsa
K
Kaliṅga
T
Tarala
A
Aśmaka
Ṛṣika
Ś
Śabara
P
Parahūṇa
P
Prahūṇa
S
Sarala
M
Mleccha-rāṣṭra (foreign/non-Vedic realms)
D
Durga (forts)
Ā
Āṭavika (forest-dwellers)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames conquest as the establishment of sovereignty through tribute (bali), reflecting an epic ideal of political order: a ruler’s power is validated by bringing diverse peoples under a structured hierarchy rather than depicting victory as mere violence.

The narrator lists many regions and groups said to have been defeated in earlier campaigns by a ‘hero,’ who then made them tributaries to Śakra (Indra). The catalogue functions as a rhetorical proof of overwhelming might and wide-ranging dominance.