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Shloka 20

कर्णवधोत्तरं शल्य-दुर्योधनसंवादः

Aftermath of Karṇa’s Fall: Śalya’s Address to Duryodhana

धिगस्तु मज्जीवितमद्य कृष्ण यो<हं वशं सूतपुत्रस्य यात:

dhig astu majjīvitam adya kṛṣṇa yo 'haṁ vaśaṁ sūtaputrasya yātaḥ

धिक्कार असो माझ्या जीवनाला आज, हे कृष्णा! कारण मी सूतपुत्राच्या वशात गेलो असून अपमानित झालो आहे.

धिक्fie! shame!
धिक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootधिक्
अस्तुlet it be
अस्तु:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (भू)
FormImperative (Lot), 3rd, singular, Parasmaipada
मत्-जीवितम्my life
मत्-जीवितम्:
TypeNoun
Rootजीवित (from √जीव्) with mat-pronoun
Formneuter, nominative, singular
अद्यtoday/now
अद्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
कृष्णO Krishna
कृष्ण:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formnominative, singular
वशम्control, subjection
वशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवश
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
सूत-पुत्रस्यof the charioteer’s son (Karna)
सूत-पुत्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootसूत + पुत्र
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
यातःgone, come to (i.e., fallen into)
यातः:
TypeVerb
Rootया (√या) / यात (past passive participle)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular, क्त (past passive participle)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kṛṣṇa
S
Sūtaputra (Karṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical weight of honor and agency in war: to be reduced to another’s control is experienced as a moral and personal collapse, prompting intense self-reproach and an appeal to a higher moral witness (Kṛṣṇa).

Sañjaya, reporting events, addresses Kṛṣṇa and laments his own continued life, saying he has come under the power of the “sūta’s son” (Karṇa). The line conveys humiliation and helplessness amid the battlefield reversals of the Karṇa Parva.