Shloka 50

अर्जुनस्य शीघ्रप्रयाणं भीम-शकुनियुद्धं च

Arjuna’s Rapid Advance and the Bhīma–Śakuni Encounter

Devanagari script

तेषामाददत: प्राणानासीदाधिरथेरवपु:

Transliteration

teṣām ādadatāḥ prāṇān āsīd ādhirather vapuḥ

Translation

त्यांचे प्राण घेत असता अधिरथपुत्र (कर्ण) याचेच शरीर जणू मृत्यूचे भयंकर साधन झाले.

Word by Word

• तेषाम्: of them
• तेषाम्: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• आददतः: of (him) taking away
• आददतः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + दा
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• प्राणान्: lives, vital breaths
• प्राणान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• आसीत्: was
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular

• आधिरथेः: of Ādhiratha (Karna)
• आधिरथेः: Sampradana
• Type: Noun (Proper/Patronymic)
• Root: आधिरथि
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• वपुः: body, form
• वपुः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वपुस्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Karna (Ādhiratha’s son)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores the harsh ethical reality of war: once battle is fully joined, a warrior’s embodied power can become synonymous with death-dealing force, highlighting the tragic tension between kṣatriya duty and the human cost of violence.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes Karna in the midst of combat, portraying him as actively slaying opponents—“taking their lives”—and emphasizing how his very presence (vapuḥ) appears as a formidable, lethal force on the battlefield.