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Shloka 22

भीमसेनस्य प्रतिघातः—भगदत्तगजप्रहारः—घटोत्कचमायायुद्धम्

Bhīma’s Counteroffensive, Bhagadatta’s Elephant Assault, and Ghaṭotkaca’s Māyā Engagement

बभूव तुमुल: शब्दो विमिश्रो दुन्दुभिस्वनै: । दिवस्पृड नरवीराणां निघ्नतामितरेतरम्‌ | सम्प्रहारे सुतुमुले तव तेषां च भारत,भारत! दौड़ते तथा पृथक्‌-पृथक्‌ प्रहार करते हुए रथसमूहोंका शब्द दुन्दुभियोंकी ध्वनिसे मिलकर और भी भयंकर हो गया। आपके और पाण्डवोंके घमासान युद्धमें परस्पर आघात-प्रत्याघात करनेवाले नरवीरोंका भयानक शब्द आकाशमें व्याप्त हो रहा था

sañjaya uvāca |

babhūva tumulaḥ śabdo vimiśro dundubhisvanaiḥ |

divas-pṛg nara-vīrāṇāṁ nighnatām itaretaram |

samprahāre sutumule tava teṣāṁ ca bhārata ||

संजय म्हणाला—हे भारत! तुझ्या आणि त्यांच्या सैन्यांतील त्या अतिभयंकर संमर्दात दुंदुभींच्या गजरात मिसळलेला प्रचंड कोलाहल उठला. परस्परांवर आघात-प्रत्याघात करणाऱ्या नरवीरांचा तो भयाण निनाद वर पसरून जणू आकाशालाच स्पर्श करू लागला.

बभूवbecame/arose
बभूव:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formलिट् (परस्मैपद), perfect (past), 3, singular
तुमुलःtumultuous, terrible
तुमुलः:
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
शब्दःsound, noise
शब्दः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
विमिश्रःmixed, intermingled
विमिश्रः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविमिश्र
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
दुन्दुभि-स्वनैःwith the sounds of drums
दुन्दुभि-स्वनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदुन्दुभि-स्वन
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
दिवः-स्पृक्sky-touching, reaching the heavens
दिवः-स्पृक्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदिवःस्पृश्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
नर-वीराणाम्of the warrior-men
नर-वीराणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootनरवीर
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
निघ्नताम्of those striking/slaying
निघ्नताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (नि + हन्)
Formशतृ (present active participle) used as substantive, masculine/neuter (contextual), genitive, plural
इतरेतरम्each other, mutually
इतरेतरम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइतरेतर
Formreciprocal adverb
सम्प्रहारेin the clash/battle
सम्प्रहारे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसम्प्रहारा
Formmasculine, locative, singular
सुतुमुलेvery tumultuous, extremely fierce
सुतुमुले:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुतुमुल
Formmasculine, locative, singular
तवof you/your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form2, genitive, singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formconjunction
भारतO Bharata (descendant of Bharata)
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra as addressee)
N
nara-vīrāḥ (warrior-heroes)
D
dundubhi (war-drums)

Educational Q&A

The verse is primarily descriptive rather than doctrinal: it highlights the overwhelming sensory force of war—how collective violence becomes a sky-filling uproar. Ethically, it underscores the magnitude and terror of mutual aggression, setting a sobering backdrop for reflections on duty (dharma) and the human cost of conflict.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that, as the two armies close in fierce combat, the noise of chariots and warriors striking one another swells and blends with the booming of war-drums, becoming so intense it seems to reach the heavens.