Shloka 32

प्रतोदानां च योक्‍त्राणां कशानां चैव मारिष । राशय: स्मात्र दृश्यन्ते विनिकीर्णा रणक्षितौ,आर्य! भरतनन्दन! भूपाल! उस रणभूमिमें गिरे हुए उद्दधीप्त परिघ, मुदगर, प्रास, भिन्दिपाल, खड़्ग, फरसे, तीखे तोमर, सुवर्णमय कवच, ध्वज, ढाल, सोनेके डंडोंसे विभूषित छत्र, व्यजन, चाबुक, जोते, कोड़े और अंकुश ढेर-के-ढेर बिखरे दिखायी देते थे

sañjaya uvāca | pratodānāṃ ca yoktrāṇāṃ kaśānāṃ caiva māriṣa | rāśayaḥ smātra dṛśyante vinikīrṇā raṇakṣitau ||

संजय म्हणाला—मारिष! त्या रणभूमीवर प्रतोद, जोते (योक) आणि कशांचे ढीगच्या ढीग सर्वत्र विखुरलेले दिसत होते।

प्रतोदानाम्of goads/whips (goads)
प्रतोदानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतोद
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
योक्‍त्राणाम्of yokes/reins/straps
योक्‍त्राणाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootयोक्त्र
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
कशानाम्of whips
कशानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootकशा
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
मारिषO noble sir (address)
मारिष:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootमारिष
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
राशयःheaps/piles
राशयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराशि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्मindeed/then (particle)
स्म:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्म
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
दृश्यन्तेare seen/appear
दृश्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada, Passive-like (intransitive 'are seen')
विनिकीर्णाःscattered
विनिकीर्णाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविनि-कीर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle), कॄ (कीर्/किर्) / √कॄ? (standard: √कॄ/√किर् 'to scatter'), विनि
रणक्षितौon the battlefield (battle-ground)
रणक्षितौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरणक्षिति
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
battlefield (raṇakṣiti)
G
goads (pratoda)
R
reins (yoktra)
W
whips (kaśā)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the dehumanizing aftermath of war: even tools meant for guidance and restraint (reins, goads, whips) lie discarded, suggesting that in violent conflict ordinary order and self-control collapse—inviting reflection on dharma and the cost of adharma.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra what he ‘sees’ on the battlefield: piles of driving and controlling implements—goads, reins, and whips—strewn across the war-ground, part of a broader visual catalogue of the field after intense fighting.