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Shloka 653

Chapter 51: Saṃdhyākāla-saṃhāra

Evening Withdrawal after Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

तावकानां परेषां च व्यतिषक्तरथद्विपम । तदनन्तर आपके और पाण्डवोंके सैनिकोंमें अत्यन्त भयंकर रोमांचकारी युद्ध होने लगा। रथसे रथ और हाथीसे हाथी गुँथ गये

tāvakānāṃ pareṣāṃ ca vyatiṣaktarathadvipam |

संजय म्हणाला— त्यानंतर तुमच्या आणि शत्रुपक्षाच्या सैन्यात अत्यंत भयंकर, अंगावर काटा आणणारे युद्ध पेटले. रथ रथांशी भिडले आणि हत्ती हत्तींशी गुथले; दोन्ही सेना एकमेकांत घट्ट मिसळून गेल्या.

तावकानाम्of yours (your side’s)
तावकानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootतावक
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
परेषाम्of the others (the enemy’s)
परेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
व्यतिषक्तintermingled, entangled
व्यतिषक्त:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यतिषञ्ज्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
रथchariot
रथ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्विपम्elephant
द्विपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kaurava army (tāvakāḥ)
P
Pāṇḍava army (pare)
C
chariots (ratha)
E
elephants (dvipa)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the grim reality of war: once armies intermix at close quarters, violence escalates beyond control. Ethically, it highlights the heavy consequences of conflict and the urgency of discernment (dharma) before hostilities reach an irreversible, entangling momentum.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Kaurava and Pāṇḍava forces have collided in intense close combat, with chariots and elephants physically locking together as the battle becomes chaotic and terrifying.