Shloka 42

भीष्मविक्रमदर्शनं तथा क्रौञ्चारुणव्यूहविधानम् | Bhīṣma’s Ascendancy and the Organization of the Krauñcāruṇa Formation

Devanagari script

शमो5 दमस्तप: 3 शौच क्षान्तिरार्जवमेव" 5 च | ज्ञानं? विज्ञानमास्तिक्यं८ 5 ब्रह्मकर्म स्वभावजम्‌

Transliteration

śamo damas tapaḥ śaucaṁ kṣāntir ārjavam eva ca | jñānaṁ vijñānam āstikyaṁ brahma-karma svabhāva-jam ||

Translation

शम, दम, तप, शौच, क्षान्ती आणि आर्जव; तसेच ज्ञान, विज्ञान आणि आस्तिक्य—ही ब्राह्मणाची स्वभावज कर्मे आहेत.

Word by Word

• शमः: tranquility, calmness
• शमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दमः: self-control
• दमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तपः: austerity
• तपः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• शौचम्: purity, cleanliness
• शौचम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शौच
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• क्षान्तिः: forbearance, patience
• क्षान्तिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षान्ति
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• आर्जवम्: straightforwardness, honesty
• आर्जवम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: आर्जव
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• एव: indeed, just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• ज्ञानम्: knowledge
• ज्ञानम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्ञान
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• विज्ञानम्: discernment, realized knowledge
• विज्ञानम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: विज्ञान
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• आस्तिक्यम्: faith (in the Veda/afterlife), piety
• आस्तिक्यम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: आस्तिक्य
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• ब्रह्मकर्म: the duty/work of a Brahmin
• ब्रह्मकर्म: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् + कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• स्वभावजम्: born of (one's) own nature; innate
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वभाव + ज
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

अजुन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Arjuna
• brāhmaṇa (as a social-spiritual role)