Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 3

Adhyāya 40: Brahmā on Mahān (The Great Principle) and the All-Pervading Puruṣa

पर्यायवाचकै: शब्दैर्महानात्मा विभाव्यते । तं जानन ब्राह्मणो विद्वान प्रमोहें नाधिगच्छति,महान्‌ आत्मा, मति, विष्णु, जिष्णु, शम्भु, वीर्यवान्‌, बुद्धि, प्रज्ञा, उपलब्धि, ख्याति, धृति, स्मृति--इन पर्यायवाची नामोंसे महान्‌ आत्माकी पहचान होती है। उसके तत्त्वको जाननेवाला दविद्दान्‌ ब्राह्मण कभी मोहमें नहीं पड़ता

paryāyavācakaiḥ śabdair mahānātmā vibhāvyate | taṃ jānann brāhmaṇo vidvān pramohe nādhigacchati ||

महान आत्मा हा त्याच्या पर्यायवाची शब्दांद्वारे समजून घ्यावा. जो विद्वान ब्राह्मण त्याला जाणतो, तो मोहाला प्राप्त होत नाही. “महानात्मा, मति, विष्णु, जिष्णु, शंभु, वीर्यवान, बुद्धि, प्रज्ञा, उपलब्धि, ख्याति, धृति, स्मृति”—ही नावे त्या महान आत्म्यालाच दर्शवितात; जो त्याचा सारार्थ ग्रहण करतो, तो भ्रमित होत नाही।

पर्यायवाचकैःby synonym-indicating (words)
पर्यायवाचकैः:
Karana
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपर्यायवाचक
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
शब्दैःby words
शब्दैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
महानात्माthe great-souled one
महानात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootमहानात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विभाव्यतेis understood/ascertained
विभाव्यते:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootवि + भू
FormPresent, Indicative, Passive, 3rd, Singular
तम्him/that (principle)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जानन्knowing
जानन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्राह्मणःa Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विद्वान्learned, wise
विद्वान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रमोहेin delusion
प्रमोहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमोह
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अधिगच्छतिattains/enters (into)
अधिगच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि + गम्
FormPresent, Indicative, Active, 3rd, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
M
Mahān Ātmā
B
Brāhmaṇa
V
Viṣṇu
J
Jiṣṇu
Ś
Śambhu

Educational Q&A

Many divine and psychological terms can function as pointers to one underlying Reality—the Great Self. When a person understands the essence behind these names (rather than clinging to mere labels), delusion and confusion do not arise.

Vāyudeva is instructing a listener in a reflective, doctrinal mode: he explains that the ‘Great Self’ is indicated through multiple synonymous epithets, and he emphasizes the ethical-spiritual result of true understanding—freedom from pramoha (delusion).