Shloka 13

Tilā-Dāna, Dīpa-Dāna, and Nitya-Jalapradāna

Yama–Brāhmaṇa Saṃvāda) | तिलदान-दीपदान-नित्यजलप्रदान (यम-ब्राह्मण संवाद

Devanagari script

फल्गुनीपूर्वसमये ब्राह्णानामुपोषित: । भक्ष्यान्‌ फाणितसंयुक्तान्‌ दत्त्वा सौभाग्यमृच्छति

Transliteration

pūrvaphalgunī-pūrva-samaye brāhmaṇānām upoṣitaḥ | bhakṣyān phāṇita-saṁyuktān dattvā saubhāgyam ṛcchati ||

Translation

पूर्वाफाल्गुनी नक्षत्राच्या वेळी उपवास करून जो मनुष्य ब्राह्मणांना फाणितयुक्त भक्ष्य पदार्थ दान करतो, तो सौभाग्य प्राप्त करतो.

Word by Word

• फल्गुनी-पूर्व-समये: at the time before (the nakshatra) Phalgunī
• फल्गुनी-पूर्व-समये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: समय
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• ब्राह्मणानाम्: of/for the Brahmins
• ब्राह्मणानाम्: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• उपोषितः: having fasted
• उपोषितः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-वास (धातु: वस्)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भक्ष्यान्: edible items/foods
• भक्ष्यान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भक्ष्य
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• फाणित-संयुक्तान्: mixed with molasses (phāṇita)
• फाणित-संयुक्तान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संयुक्त
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• दत्त्वा: having given
• दत्त्वा: Karana
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund)

• सौभाग्यम्: good fortune
• सौभाग्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सौभाग्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• ऋच्छति: attains
• Type: Verb
• Root: ऋच्छ्/ऋ (धातु: to attain)
• Form: Present, Third, Singular

Speaker

नारद उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Nārada
• Brāhmaṇas
• Pūrvaphalgunī (nakṣatra)
• phāṇita (sweet syrup/jaggery)
• bhakṣya (edible offerings)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Good fortune is presented as the result of disciplined self-restraint (fasting) combined with dāna—giving appropriate food-gifts to Brahmins at an auspicious time (Pūrvaphalgunī).

What is happening in the narrative?

Nārada describes a specific religious observance: fasting during the Pūrvaphalgunī nakṣatra and then offering sweetened edibles (mixed with phāṇita) to Brahmins, stating the beneficial outcome as saubhāgya (good fortune).