Shloka 4

Śulka, Kanyā, and Dauhitra-Riktha: Discourse on Bride-Price and Inheritance Rights (शुल्क-कन्या-दौहित्र-रिक्थविचारः)

Devanagari script

अथ काले व्यतिक्रान्ते कस्मिंश्चित्‌ कुरुनन्दन । रुच्या भगिन्या आदानं प्रभूतधनधान्यवत्‌

Transliteration

atha kāle vyatikrānte kasmiṁścit kurunandana | rucyā bhaginyā ādānaṁ prabhūtadhana-dhānyavat ||

Translation

भीष्म म्हणाले—कुरुनंदन! काही काळ लोटल्यानंतर रुचीच्या मोठ्या बहिणीकडे विवाहोत्सवाचा प्रसंग आला; त्यात विपुल धन-धान्याचा खर्च होणार होता.

Word by Word

• अथ: then/thereupon
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• काले: in time/when time
• काले: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• व्यतिक्रान्ते: having passed/elapsed
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि+अति+क्रम्
• Form: क्त, past passive participle, Masculine, Locative, Singular

• कस्मिंश्चित्: in some (time/place)
• कस्मिंश्चित्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular, with enclitic चित् = 'some/any'

• कुरुनन्दन: O joy of the Kurus
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरु-नन्दन
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• रुच्या: by/with Rucyā (Ruchi)
• रुच्या: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुचि
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• भगिन्या: by the sister
• भगिन्या: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भगिनी
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• आदानम्: taking/receiving; collection (of gifts)
• आदानम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदान
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• प्रभूत: abundant
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रभूत
• Form: क्त, adjectival PPP, Neuter, Accusative, Singular, with धनधान्यवत् (understood neuter accusative singular as predicate/qualifier)

• धन: wealth
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन
• Form: Neuter, Stem (in compound)

• धान्यवत्: possessing grain (and wealth)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धान्यवत्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular, धन-धान्यवत् = 'possessing wealth and grain'

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Yudhiṣṭhira (Kurunandana)
• Ruci
• Ruci’s elder sister

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse frames dharma in everyday social life: major rites like marriage are legitimate, resource-intensive obligations, and fulfilling them responsibly reflects householders’ duty toward family and society.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma continues his account by noting that after some time, a marriage celebration arose at the home of Ruci’s elder sister, requiring considerable expenditure of wealth and provisions.