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Shloka 49

ययाति–देवयानी संवादः

Yayāti–Devayānī Dialogue and Śukra’s Consent

देवयान्युवाच यस्याड्रिरा वृद्धतम: पितामहो बृहस्पतिश्चापि पिता तपोनिधि: । ऋषे: पुत्र तमथो वापि पौत्र कथं न शोचेयमहं न रुद्याम्‌,देवयानी बोली--पिताजी! अत्यन्त वृद्ध महर्षि अंगिरा जिनके पितामह हैं, तपस्याके भण्डार बृहस्पति जिनके पिता हैं, जो ऋषिके पुत्र और ऋषिके ही पौत्र हैं; उन ब्रह्मचारी कचके लिये मैं कैसे शोक न करूँ और कैसे न रोऊँ

devayāny uvāca yasya āṅgirā vṛddhatamaḥ pitāmaho bṛhaspatiś cāpi pitā tapo-nidhiḥ | ṛṣeḥ putras tam atho vāpi pautraḥ kathaṃ na śoceyam ahaṃ na rudyām ||

देवयानी म्हणाली—पिताजी! ज्यांचे पितामह अतिवृद्ध महर्षी अंगिरा आहेत, ज्यांचे पिता तपस्येचा निधी बृहस्पती आहेत, जो ऋषीचा पुत्र आणि ऋषीचाच पौत्र आहे—त्या ब्रह्मचारी कचासाठी मी कशी शोक करू नये, कशी रडू नये?

देवयानीDevayani
देवयानी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवयानी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अङ्गिराःAngiras
अङ्गिराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअङ्गिरस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वृद्धतमःthe most aged
वृद्धतमः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवृद्धतम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पितामहःgrandfather
पितामहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बृहस्पतिःBrihaspati
बृहस्पतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबृहस्पति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
पिताfather
पिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तपोनिधिःtreasure-house of austerity
तपोनिधिः:
TypeNoun
Rootतपोनिधि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ऋषेःof the sage
ऋषेः:
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अथthen / moreover
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिeven / also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
पौत्रःgrandson
पौत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपौत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शोचेयम्might I grieve
शोचेयम्:
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
FormOptative, First, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
FormCommon, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
रुद्याम्might I weep
रुद्याम्:
TypeVerb
Rootरुद्
FormOptative, First, Singular

शुक्र उवाच

D
Devayānī
A
Aṅgiras
B
Bṛhaspati
K
Kaca
Ś
Śukra (as narrative speaker heading: śukra uvāca)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the ethical weight of lineage and ascetic discipline: harming or losing a brahmacārin of revered ṛṣi-descent is not a trivial event, and grief here functions as a moral recognition of spiritual worth (tapas, learning, and guru-lineage).

In the Kaca–Devayānī episode, Devayānī laments Kaca’s fate and argues that someone born in the exalted Aṅgiras–Bṛhaspati line, living as a disciplined student, is worthy of protection and compassion—hence she cannot help but mourn and weep.