Shloka 33

Pitṛ-Stuti, Tarpaṇa, and the Ritual Power of Recitation in Śrāddha

Devanagari script

ये खड्गमांसेन सुरैरभीष्टैः कृष्णैस्तिलैर्दिव्य मनोहरैश्च / कालेन शाकेन महर्षिवर्यैः संप्रीणितास्ते मुदमत्र यान्तु

Transliteration

ye khaḍgamāṃsena surairabhīṣṭaiḥ kṛṣṇaistilairdivya manoharaiśca / kālena śākena maharṣivaryaiḥ saṃprīṇitāste mudamatra yāntu

Translation

जे पितर खड्ग-मांसाने, देवांना प्रिय कृष्ण तिळांनी, दिव्य व मनोहर अर्पणांनी, तसेच महर्षींनी प्रशंसिलेल्या ‘काल’ शाकाने उत्तम रीतीने संतुष्ट झाले आहेत—ते येथे (पितृलोकी) आनंद प्राप्त करो।

Word by Word

• ये: who
• ये: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Relative pronoun, Nominative Plural Masculine

• खड्गमांसेन: with swordfish meat / meat of khaḍga (as specified)
• खड्गमांसेन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: खड्ग (प्रातिपदिक) + मांस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Instrumental Singular Neuter; तत्पुरुष (खड्गस्य मांसम्)

• सुरैः: by/with the gods
• सुरैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Instrumental Plural Masculine

• अभीष्टैः: desired, dear
• अभीष्टैः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभीष्ट (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; धातु: इष्, उपसर्ग: अभि)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Instrumental Plural Masculine (agreeing with सुरैः)

• कृष्णैः: black
• कृष्णैः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Instrumental Plural Masculine (agreeing with तिलैः)

• तिलैः: with sesame seeds
• तिलैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Instrumental Plural Masculine

• दिव्यैः: divine
• दिव्यैः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दिव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Instrumental Plural Masculine (agreeing with मनोहरैः)

• मनोहरैः: charming, delightful
• मनोहरैः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मनोहर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Instrumental Plural Masculine

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• कालेन: with kāla (a kind of grain/ingredient; or 'in due time')
• कालेन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Instrumental Singular Masculine

• शाकेन: with vegetables/greens
• शाकेन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शाक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Instrumental Singular Neuter

• महर्षिवर्यैः: by the excellent great sages
• महर्षिवर्यैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महर्षि (प्रातिपदिक) + वर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Instrumental Plural Masculine; तत्पुरुष/कर्मधारय-सदृश (महर्षयः वर्याः)

• संप्रीणिताः: fully pleased/satisfied
• संप्रीणिताः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्+प्री (धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Past passive participle (क्त), Nominative Plural Masculine

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Nominative Plural Masculine

• मुदम्: joy
• मुदम्: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुद्/मुदा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Accusative Singular Feminine

• अत्र: here
• अत्र: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)

• यान्तु: may (they) go/attain
• यान्तु: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: या (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; Imperative 3rd pl

Speaker

Lord Viṣṇu (in discourse to Garuḍa/Vinatā-putra)

Shraddha Ritual

Ritual Type: Parvana

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: During dravya-arpana in śrāddha (offering of specific pleasing substances)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Appropriate substances, offered at proper time and in approved manner, intensify pitṛ-tṛpti; tradition preserves a hierarchy of pleasing offerings.

Vedantic Theme: Śraddhā and niyama: disciplined observance; material offerings as symbols of intention and continuity.

Application: Use prescribed items (notably black sesame) in śrāddha; follow local śāstra-based guidance and ethical sourcing; prioritize sincerity over extravagance.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: ritual ground with offering items

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: lists of śrāddha-dravyas (tilā, anna, toya, gandha, śāka) and their merits

Characters & Entities

• Devas (Suras)
• Pitṛs (Ancestors)

FAQs

What is the importance of black sesame (kṛṣṇa-tila) in Garuḍa Purāṇa rituals?

This verse presents black sesame as especially dear to the gods and effective in satisfying the Pitṛs during Śrāddha/tarpaṇa offerings.

How does this verse relate to the soul and the after-death journey described in the Garuḍa Purāṇa?

It emphasizes the supportive role of post-death rites: when the Pitṛs are propitiated through proper offerings, they attain joy, reflecting the Purāṇic idea that ritual duties aid the departed/ancestral state.

What is a practical application of this teaching today?

Perform Śrāddha/tarpaṇa with sincerity and prescribed items (such as black sesame and appropriate food offerings), treating it as an act of gratitude and dharma toward one’s ancestors.