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Shloka 4

Śiva–Hari–Rudra–Vidhīnāṃ Tattva-nirṇayaḥ

Identity of Śiva, Viṣṇu, Rudra, and Brahmā; Nirguṇa–Saguṇa Reconciliation

पञ्चकोशीति विख्याता काशी सर्वातिवल्लभा । व्याप्तं च सकलं ह्येतत्तज्जलं विश्वतो गतम्

pañcakośīti vikhyātā kāśī sarvātivallabhā | vyāptaṃ ca sakalaṃ hyetattajjalaṃ viśvato gatam

പഞ്ചകോശീ എന്ന പേരിൽ പ്രസിദ്ധമായ കാശി സർവ്വത്തിലും അതിപ്രിയമാണ്. ഈ സമസ്ത പ്രദേശവും ശിവപാവനതയിൽ വ്യാപ്തമാണ്; ഇവിടെത്തെ തീർത്ഥജലം സർവ്വദിക്കുകളിലേക്കും പടർന്ന് ലോകമൊട്ടാകെ എത്തുന്നു.

pañcakośī(the place) called ‘Pañcakośī’
pañcakośī:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootpañca + kośī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; द्विगु-समास (pañca-kośī)
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formइति-इत्यादि अव्यय; quotative particle (उद्धरणसूचक)
vikhyātārenowned, known as
vikhyātā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi + khyā (धातु) → vikhyāta (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘renowned/called’
kāśīKāśī
kāśī:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootkāśī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
sarvātivallabhāmost beloved of all
sarvātivallabhā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva + ati + vallabhā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष/अव्ययपूर्वपद (ati-vallabhā) with sarva- intensifier
vyāptampervaded, filled
vyāptam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi + āp (धातु) → vyāpta (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; predicative ‘pervaded’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
sakalamentire
sakalam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsakala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘entire’
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), emphasis/indeed
etatthis
etat:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootetat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
tatthat
tat:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/demonstrative)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; (sandhi-split from etat-tat-jalam)
jalamwater
jalam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootjala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन
viśvataḥeverywhere, on all sides
viśvataḥ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/locative sense)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootviśvatas (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb), ‘from all sides/everywhere’
gatamgone, spread
gatam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootgam (धातु) → gata (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘gone/spread’

Suta Goswami (narrating the Kotirudra Saṃhitā account to the sages at Naimiṣāraṇya)

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Paśupatinātha

Jyotirlinga: Viśvanātha

Sthala Purana: Kāśī is praised as Śiva’s most प्रिय क्षेत्र; the Pañcakośī-kṣetra is described as pervaded by Śiva’s sanctity, with its tīrtha-waters and merit radiating universally—an idiom for the inexhaustible kṣetra-māhātmya of Viśveśvara/Viśvanātha.

Significance: Pañcakośī-yātrā and Kāśī-vāsa are extolled as exceptionally grace-bearing: purification of pāśa (bondage), intensification of bhakti, and eligibility for Śiva’s anugraha (often framed as liberation in Kāśī).

Type: stotra

S
Shiva
K
Kashi

FAQs

It proclaims Kāśī as the Pañcakośī—Śiva’s most cherished sacred field—whose sanctity pervades the whole region, indicating that contact with Kāśī (and its tīrtha-waters) powerfully supports purification and liberation-oriented devotion to Pati (Śiva).

By praising Kāśī’s all-pervading holiness and its waters’ far-reaching merit, the verse frames Kāśī as a prime kṣetra for Saguna Śiva worship—especially Linga-darśana, abhiṣeka, and tīrtha-sevā—where Śiva’s grace is considered readily accessible.

Undertake Pañcakośī-yātrā with Linga-darśana and abhiṣeka using tīrtha-water, while maintaining japa of the Pañcākṣarī mantra “Om Namaḥ Śivāya” and a devotional, purity-focused discipline.