Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 51, Shloka 36

हनूमदुपदेशः रावणस्य च कोपः

Hanuman’s Counsel to Ravana and Ravana’s Wrath

Devanagari script

सीतायास्तेजसा दग्धां रामकोपप्रपीडिताम्।।।।दह्यमानामिमां पश्य पुरीं साट्टप्रतोलिकाम्।

Transliteration

sītāyās tejasā dagdhāṃ rāmakopaprapīḍitām; dahyamānām imāṃ paśya purīṃ sāṭṭapratolikām.

Translation

സീതാദേവിയുടെ തേജസ്സാൽ ദഗ്ധവും ശ്രീരാമന്റെ കോപത്താൽ പീഡിതവും ആയ—അട്ടാലികകളും വീഥി-ചന്തപ്പാതകളും ഉൾപ്പെടെ ഈ നഗരി ദഹിച്ചുകൊണ്ടിരിക്കുന്നതു നോക്കുക.

Word by Word

• सीतायाः: of Sita
• सीतायाः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सीता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• तेजसा: by (her) radiance / by the fiery energy
• तेजसा: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)

• दग्धाम्: burnt
• दग्धाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दह् (धातु) → दग्ध (कृदन्त-क्त)
• Form: कर्मणि-भूतकृदन्त (Past passive participle/क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• राम: Rama's
• राम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-समासाङ्ग (as first member in compound; genitive sense)

• कोप: wrath
• कोप: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-समासाङ्ग (as member in compound; genitive sense)

• प्रपीडिताम्: afflicted/pressed
• प्रपीडिताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पीड् (धातु) → प्रपीडित (कृदन्त-क्त)
• Form: उपसर्ग-युक्त (प्र-), कर्मणि-भूतकृदन्त (Past passive participle/क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• रामकोपप्रपीडिताम्: afflicted by Rama's wrath
• रामकोपप्रपीडिताम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: राम + कोप + प्रपीडित (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (Genitive determinative): ‘रामस्य कोपेन प्रपीडिता’ (afflicted by Rama's wrath); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• दह्यमानाम्: being burnt
• दह्यमानाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दह् (धातु) → दह्यमान (कृदन्त-शानच्)
• Form: कर्मणि-वर्तमानकृदन्त (Present passive participle/शानच्), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• इमाम्: this
• इमाम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (Pronoun), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• पश्य: see
• पश्य: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• पुरीम्: city
• पुरीम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• साट्ट: with marketplaces
• साट्ट: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + अट्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय-पूर्वपद (prefix-like ‘स-’ = ‘with’), समासाङ्ग (as member in compound)

• प्रतोलिका: streets/lanes
• प्रतोलिका: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतोलिका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, समासाङ्ग (as member in compound)

• साट्टप्रतोलिकाम्: with its marketplaces and streets
• साट्टप्रतोलिकाम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: साट्ट + प्रतोलिका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (Determinative; sense: ‘स-अट्ट-प्रतोलिका’ = ‘having/with marketplaces and streets’), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; पुरीम् इति विशेषणम्

Context

"Visualize this city of Lanka including its market-places and main streets as burnt by Sita's power of chastity and Rama's anger.

Characters & Entities

• Sita
• Rama
• Hanuman
• Ravana
• Lanka (implied as the city)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Unrighteous acts ignite consequences that consume societies; dharma is not private—it safeguards the whole city/kingdom.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanuman foretells Lanka’s destruction, attributing it to Sita’s tejas and Rama’s righteous anger.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sita’s spiritual potency and Rama’s unwavering commitment to justice—both framed as forces that correct adharma.