Shloka 16

द्विचत्वारिंशः सर्गः (Sarga 42): Omens in Laṅkā, Report to Rāvaṇa, and the Kinkara Assault

Devanagari script

तेन त्वद्भुतरूपेण यत्तत्तव मनोहरम्।नानामृगगणाकीर्णं प्रमृष्टं प्रमदावनम्।।5.42.16।।

Transliteration

tena tv adbhuta-rūpeṇa yat tat tava manoharam | nānā-mṛga-gaṇākīrṇaṃ pramṛṣṭaṃ pramadā-vanam ||5.42.16||

Translation

അദ്ഭുതരൂപധാരിയായ അവൻ, നാനാവിധ മൃഗക്കൂട്ടങ്ങളാൽ നിറഞ്ഞിരുന്ന നിന്റെ മനോഹരമായ പ്രമദാവനം പൂർണ്ണമായി തകർത്തു നശിപ്പിച്ചു.

Word by Word

• तेन: by him
• तेन: करण/कर्तृ (Instrument/agent: by him)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: निपात
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विशेष/विरोध

• अद्भुतरूपेण: by/with a wondrous form
• अद्भुतरूपेण: करण (Instrument; manner)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अद्भुतरूप = अद्भुत + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (अद्भुतं रूपं यस्य)

• यत्: which/that
• यत्: सम्बन्ध (Relative; refers to garden)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक (relative)

• तत्: that
• तत्: सम्बन्ध (Correlative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; निर्देश (correlative)

• तव: your
• तव: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• मनोहरम्: delightful
• मनोहरम्: विशेषण (Qualifier of प्रमदावनम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मनोहर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• नानामृगगणाकीर्णम्: filled with groups of various animals
• नानामृगगणाकीर्णम्: विशेषण (Qualifier of प्रमदावनम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नानामृगगणाकीर्ण = नाना + मृग + गण + आकीर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (नानानां मृगगणानाम् आकीर्णम्)

• प्रमृष्टम्: spoiled/ruined
• प्रमृष्टम्: विधेय-विशेषण (Predicate adjective of प्रमदावनम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र + मृश् (धातु)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (smeared/defiled; hence damaged)

• प्रमदावनम्: pleasure-garden
• प्रमदावनम्: कर्म/विषय (Object/topic described)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रमदावन = प्रमदा + वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (प्रमदानां वनम्)

Context

There is not a single place that has not been ruined by him there. Only the place where Janaka's daughter, Sita is resting has not been touched.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• vānarā (Hanumān)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Even forceful acts can serve dharma when aimed at resisting oppression; destruction here signals strategic disruption against an unjust captor’s domain.

What is the narrative situation?

The rākṣasī-s report the extent of damage done to Rāvaṇa’s pleasure-garden by the intruding monkey.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s effective agency—he acts decisively to challenge adharma and unsettle Laṅkā’s confidence.