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Shloka 7

सीताविलापः

Sita’s Lament and Resolve under Threat

दुःखं बतेदं मम दुःखिताया

मासौ चिरायाधिगमिष्यतो द्वौ।

बद्धस्य वध्यस्य तथा निशान्ते

राजापराधादिव तस्करस्य।।5.28.7।।

duḥkhaṃ batedaṃ mama duḥkhitāyā māsau cirāyādhigamiṣyato dvau | baddhasya vadhyasya tathā niśānte rājāparādhād iva taskarasya ||5.28.7||

അയ്യോ, ദുഃഖിതയായ എനിക്ക് ഇതു മഹാദുഃഖം; രണ്ടു മാസങ്ങൾ യುಗംപോലെ നീണ്ടതായി തോന്നും. രാജാപരാധം മൂലം ബന്ധിക്കപ്പെട്ട് വധത്തിന് വിധിക്കപ്പെട്ട കള്ളനെപ്പോലെ ഞാൻ—രാത്രി കടന്ന് പ്രഭാതം വരുവാൻ കാത്തിരിക്കുന്നവനെപ്പോലെ.

दुःखम्grief, sorrow
दुःखम्:
Karta (impersonal/expletive subject: 'this is grief')
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख (प्रातिपदिकम्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गम्; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (कर्तरि/वाक्यविषये); एकवचनम्
बतalas!
बत:
Sambandha (exclamation/particle; no karaka)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबत (अव्ययम्)
Formनिपातः/उद्गारः (exclamatory particle)
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karta (demonstrative subject with दुःखम्)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिकम्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गम्; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम्
ममof me, my
मम:
Sambandha (genitive: 'of me')
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिकम्)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्तिः (सम्बन्धे/genitive); एकवचनम्
दुःखितायाःof the sorrowful (woman)
दुःखितायाः:
Sambandha (genitive qualifier: 'of (me) the sorrowful')
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःखित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिकम्; √दुःख्/दुःखय् + क्त)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गम्; षष्ठी-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (मम इत्यस्य/अहं इत्यस्य भावे)
मासौtwo months
मासौ:
Karta (subject of अधिगमिष्यतः)
TypeNoun
Rootमास (प्रातिपदिकम्)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; द्विवचनम्
चिरायfor a long time, long
चिराय:
Adhikarana (temporal extent; adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचिर (प्रातिपदिकम्)
Formचतुर्थी-एकवचनान्तं अव्ययीभावेन (दत्तिवाचक-अव्ययम्); अर्थः—'दीर्घकालाय/बहुकालम्' (for a long time)
अधिगमिष्यतःwill pass, will be spent
अधिगमिष्यतः:
Kriya (verbal predicate via future participle)
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-√गम् (धातुः) + इष्यत् (भविष्यत्-कृदन्तः)
Formभविष्यत्कालिकः शतृ/इष्यत्-प्रत्ययान्तः कृदन्तः; पुंलिङ्गम्; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; द्विवचनम्; कर्तरि प्रयोगः (मासौ ... अधिगमिष्यतः = 'will pass/be spent')
द्वौtwo
द्वौ:
Visheshana (qualifier of मासौ)
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वि (संख्याप्रातिपदिकम्)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; द्विवचनम्; संख्याविशेषणम् (मासौ इत्यस्य)
बद्धस्यof the captured/bound
बद्धस्य:
Sambandha (genitive qualifier: 'of the bound')
TypeAdjective
Rootबद्ध (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिकम्; √बन्ध् + क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्; षष्ठी-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (तस्करस्य)
वध्यस्यof one fit to be slain/for execution
वध्यस्य:
Sambandha (genitive qualifier: 'of one to be executed')
TypeAdjective
Rootवध्य (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिकम्; √वध् + यत्/ण्यत्)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्; षष्ठी-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (तस्करस्य)
तथाthus, similarly
तथा:
Sambandha (adverbial; no karaka)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्ययम्)
Formअव्ययम्; प्रकारवाचक-अव्ययम् (adverb: 'so, in that manner')
निशान्तेat daybreak, at the end of night
निशान्ते:
Adhikarana (time: 'at daybreak/end of night')
TypeNoun
Rootनिशान्त (प्रातिपदिकम्)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्; सप्तमी-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम्; कालाधिकरणम्
राजापराधात्from/owing to offense against the king
राजापराधात्:
Apadana/Hetu (cause: 'due to offense against the king')
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् + अपराध (प्रातिपदिके; समासः)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्; पञ्चमी-विभक्तिः (हेतोः/अपादाने); एकवचनम्; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (राज्ञः अपराधः = राजापराधः)
इवlike, as
इव:
Sambandha (comparison marker; no karaka)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्ययम्)
Formउपमानवाचक-अव्ययम् (particle of comparison)
तस्करस्यof a thief
तस्करस्य:
Sambandha (genitive: 'of a thief')
TypeNoun
Rootतस्कर (प्रातिपदिकम्)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्; षष्ठी-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम्

"Alas, two months is too long a time to wait in grief. I am like a thief captured for offending a king and waiting overnight for execution at day-break.

S
Sītā
K
king (rājā as analogy)

FAQs

The moral weight of unjust captivity: dharma recognizes the cruelty of punishing the innocent; Sītā’s comparison highlights the anguish of awaiting an undeserved death.

Sītā reflects that the time granted by Rāvaṇa feels unbearably long, like a condemned prisoner awaiting execution.

Inner fortitude and truthful self-expression in suffering.