Shloka 15

स्वयंप्रभा

प्रश्नोत्तरम् / Svayamprabha Explains the Golden Forest and Questions the Vanaras

Devanagari script

इदं च ब्रह्मणा दत्तं हेमायै वनमुत्तमम्।।4.51.15।।शाश्वता: कामभोगश्च गृहं चेदं हिरण्मयम्।

Transliteration

idaṃ ca brahmaṇā dattaṃ hemāyai vanam uttamam | śāśvatāḥ kāmabhogaś ca gṛhaṃ cedaṃ hiraṇmayam ||

Translation

ഈ ഉത്തമവനം ബ്രഹ്മാവ് ഹേമയ്ക്ക് ദാനമായി നൽകി; കൂടാതെ ശാശ്വതമായ കാമഭോഗങ്ങളും ഈ സ്വർണമയമായ ഗൃഹവും നൽകി.

Word by Word

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: विषय (topic/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; अत्र विषय-निर्देशे

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• ब्रह्मणा: by Brahmā
• ब्रह्मणा: कर्तृ (agent in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन; कर्तृ-करणभावे (agent/instrument: by Brahmā)

• दत्तम्: given
• दत्तम्: विधेय (predicative participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दत्त (कृदन्त; √दा (धातु))
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त), कर्मणि/भावे; ‘given’

• हेमायै: to Hemā
• हेमायै: सम्प्रदान (Sampradāna/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हेमा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/चतुर्थी), एकवचन; सम्प्रदान (recipient)

• वनम्: forest
• वनम्: कर्ता/विषय (subject complement)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• उत्तमम्: excellent
• उत्तमम्: विशेषण (Adjectival qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण

• शाश्वताः: perpetual, everlasting
• शाश्वताः: विशेषण/विधेय (predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शाश्वत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; विशेषण; (पाठे ‘शाश्वता:’ इति विसर्ग-लोप/विरामचिह्न-दोष सम्भाव्यः)

• कामभोगः: enjoyment of pleasures
• कामभोगः: कर्ता/विषय (subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम + भोग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (कामानां भोगः = enjoyment of pleasures)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• गृहम्: house
• गृहम्: कर्ता/विषय (subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• इदम्: this
• इदम्: विशेषण/निर्देशक (deictic)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• हिरण्मयम्: made of gold
• हिरण्मयम्: विशेषण (Adjectival qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हिरण्मय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण

Context

'Thus this wonderful forest and the golden house with all luxury were given away permanently to Hema by the creator Brahma.

Characters & Entities

• Svayaṃprabhā
• Brahmā
• Hēmā
• vana (forest)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Gifts and privileges are framed as divinely sanctioned trusts; dharma lies in rightful stewardship rather than indulgence alone.

What is the narrative situation?

Svayaṃprabhā explains the transfer of ownership: Brahmā grants the forest and golden house to Hēmā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Legitimacy and order—authority and possession are linked to proper grant, not seizure.