Shloka 10

कबन्धमोक्षः—सुग्रीवमैत्र्युपदेशः

Kabandha’s Release and Counsel to Befriend Sugriva

Devanagari script

तदवश्यं त्वया कार्यस्ससुहृत्सुहृदां वर।अकृत्वा हि न ते सिद्धिमहं पश्यामि चिन्तयन्।।।।

Transliteration

tad avaśyaṃ tvayā kāryaḥ sa-suhṛt suhṛdāṃ vara | akṛtvā hi na te siddhim ahaṃ paśyāmi cintayan ||

Translation

അതുകൊണ്ട്, ഹേ സുഹൃത്തുകളിൽ ശ്രേഷ്ഠനേ, നീ ഇത് നിർബന്ധമായി ചെയ്യണം—ആ ഹിതൈഷിയുമായി സഖ്യം സ്ഥാപിക്ക; ഇതു ചെയ്യാതെ നിനക്ക് സിദ്ധി ഉണ്ടാകുമെന്ന് ഞാൻ ചിന്തിച്ചിട്ടും കാണുന്നില്ല.

Word by Word

• श्रूयताम्: let it be heard; listen
• श्रूयताम्: क्रिया (Command)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative); आत्मनेपद; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; भावे प्रयोग (let it be heard = please listen)

• राम: O Rama
• राम: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• वक्ष्यामि: I will tell
• वक्ष्यामि: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple future); परस्मैपद; उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन

• सुग्रीवः: Sugriva
• सुग्रीवः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• नाम: named
• नाम: सम्बन्ध (Appositive marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाम (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; नामनिर्देशक (particle indicating name)

• वानरः: a monkey
• वानरः: समानााधिकरण (Apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सुग्रीवस्य विशेषण/अपपद (apposition)

• भ्रात्रा: by (his) brother
• भ्रात्रा: कर्ता (Agent in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• निरस्तः: banished, driven out
• निरस्तः: क्रियाविशेषण/विधेय (Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निर्-अस्/निरस् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• क्रुद्धेन: angry
• क्रुद्धेन: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of agent)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुध् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (of vālinā)

• वालिना: by Vali
• वालिना: कर्ता (Agent in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वालिन्/वालि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• शक्रसूनुना: by Indra's son
• शक्रसूनुना: सम्बन्ध/अपपद (Appositive to Vali)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक्र + सूनु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (शक्रस्य सूनुः)

Context

O Rama, the best of friends ! you should certainly make friendship with him. As I think over the matter, I do not see any success if you do not adopt this method.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes accepting wise counsel and forming righteous alliances; success in a just cause often requires cooperation with trustworthy allies.

What is the narrative situation?

Kabandha urges Rāma to befriend a supportive ally (soon identified as Sugrīva) and states that without this step Rāma’s aim will not be fulfilled.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Prudence and humility: the ability to seek and accept help, rather than acting in isolation.