Shloka 19

सीतावियोगे रामविलापः

Rāma’s Lament in Separation from Sītā

Devanagari script

अम्बा च मम कैकेयी सुमित्रा च त्वया विभो।।3.62.18।।कौसल्या च यथान्यायमभिवाद्या ममाऽज्ञया।रक्षणीया प्रयत्नेन भवता सूक्तकारिणा।।3.62.19।।

Transliteration

ambā ca mama kaikeyī sumitrā ca tvayā vibho | kausalyā ca yathā-nyāyam abhivādyā mamājñayā | rakṣaṇīyā prayatnena bhavatā sūkta-kāriṇā || 3.62.18-19 ||

Translation

എന്റെ ആജ്ഞപ്രകാരം, ഹേ വിഭോ, എന്റെ മാതാക്കൾ—കൈകേയി, സുമിത്ര, കൗസല്യ—ഇവരെ യഥോചിതമായി വന്ദിക്കണം; ഹേ സുസൂക്തം അനുസരിക്കുന്നവനേ, പരമശ്രമത്തോടെ അവരെ സംരക്ഷിക്കണം.

Word by Word

• सीतायाः: of Sita
• सीतायाः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (genitive), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• विनाशः: loss/destruction
• विनाशः: Karta (कर्ता/विषय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vināśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अयम्: this
• अयम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• मम: of me
• मम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• अमित्रकर्शन: O subduer of enemies
• अमित्रकर्शन: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: amitra (प्रातिपदिक) + karśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (कर्म-तत्पुरुष: अमित्रान् कर्षति), पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• विस्तरेण: in detail
• विस्तरेण: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vistara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणार्थे (in detail)

• जनन्याः: to (my) mother
• जनन्याः: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jananī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (dative), एकवचन (जनन्यै इत्यर्थे वैदिक/आर्ष-रूपप्रयोग)

• मे: my
• मे: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी/चतुर्थी-एकवचन (enclitic: my/to me); अत्र जनन्या मे = "my mother"

• विनिवेद्यः: should be reported
• विनिवेद्यः: Kriya (क्रिया/विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + नि + विद् (धातु)
• Form: भाव्य/कर्तव्य-अर्थे यत्-प्रत्यय (gerundive: "to be reported"), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• भवेत्: should be / may be
• भवेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

Context

My mother Kaikeyi, Sumitra and Kausalya should also be offered due obeisance. You should protect them with great effort, carrying out my instructions.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Kaikeyī
• Sumitrā
• Kausalyā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Respect and protection of elders is a binding duty: regardless of conflict or grief, one must honor mothers properly and ensure their safety—this is kula-dharma aligned with satya (upright conduct).

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma directs Lakṣmaṇa about proper conduct in Ayodhyā: offer respectful obeisance to the queens and protect them diligently.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Reverence and discipline—maintaining correct behavior toward elders even during crisis.