Shloka 2

जटायुरावणयुद्धम्

Jatayu’s Combat with Ravana

Devanagari script

संरक्तनयनः कोपात्तप्तकाञ्चनकुण्डलः।राक्षसेन्द्रोऽभिदुद्राव पतगेन्द्रममर्षणः।।।।

Transliteration

saṁraktanayanaḥ kopāt taptakāñcanakuṇḍalaḥ | rākṣasendro 'bhidudrāva patagendram amarṣaṇaḥ ||

Translation

കോപത്താൽ കണ്ണുകൾ ചുവന്നവൻ; തപ്തസ്വർണ്ണ കുണ്ഡലങ്ങൾ ദീപ്തമായി തിളങ്ങുന്നവൻ; അമർഷിയായ രാക്ഷസേന്ദ്രൻ പക്ഷീന്ദ്രനായ ജടായുവിന്മേൽ പാഞ്ഞെത്തി.

Word by Word

• saṃrakta-nayanaḥ: red-eyed
• saṃrakta-nayanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/qualifier of rākṣasendraḥ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: saṃrakta (प्रातिपदिक) + nayana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि (saṃraktāni nayanāni yasya saḥ)

• kopāt: from anger
• kopāt: Hetu (हेतु/cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kopa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन; हेतौ (from anger / due to anger)

• tapta-kāñcana-kuṇḍalaḥ: wearing heated-gold earrings
• tapta-kāñcana-kuṇḍalaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tapta (प्रातिपदिक) + kāñcana (प्रातिपदिक) + kuṇḍala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण; तत्पुरुष-श्रृङ्खला (taptakāñcanasya kuṇḍale yasya)

• rākṣasendraḥ: king of demons
• rākṣasendraḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक) + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (rākṣasānām indraḥ)

• abhidudrāva: rushed at
• abhidudrāva: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-dru (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• pataga-indram: lord of birds (Jatayu)
• pataga-indram: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pataga (प्रातिपदिक) + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (patagānām indram)

• amarṣaṇaḥ: intolerant
• amarṣaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: amarṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (intolerant)

Context

As the bright gold ear-rings of the intolerant king of demons glittered, his eyes turned red in rage and he pounced upon Jatayu, the lord of birds.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Jatāyu

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Adharma is fueled by uncontrolled anger and intolerance; dharma requires restraint and moral clarity even when opposed.

What is the narrative situation?

After Jatāyu’s assault on the chariot, Rāvaṇa, enraged, charges directly at him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

By contrast, the verse highlights the vice of krodha (anger) and amarṣa (intolerance) as traits of adharma.