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Shloka 38

सीताहरणम्

Ravana reveals his true form and abducts Sita

सा तमुद्वीक्ष्य सुश्रोणी रावणस्य वशं गता।3.49.38।।समाक्रन्दद्भयपरा दुःखोपहतया गिरा।

sā tam udvīkṣya suśroṇī rāvaṇasya vaśaṃ gatā || 3.49.38 ||

samākrandad bhayaparā duḥkhopahatayā girā |

അവനെ കണ്ട സുഷ്രോണിയായ സീത രാവണന്റെ അധീനതയിൽ അകപ്പെട്ടു; ഭയപരവശയായി, ദുഃഖം തകർത്ത ശബ്ദത്തോടെ അവൾ കരഞ്ഞുവിളിച്ചു.

साshe
सा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)
तम्him
तम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
उद्वीक्ष्यhaving looked at/seen
उद्वीक्ष्य:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootud-√īkṣ (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (having done)
सुश्रोणीthe fair-hipped lady (Sītā)
सुश्रोणी:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsu-śroṇī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समासः कर्मधारय (सु + श्रोणी)
रावणस्यof Rāvaṇa
रावणस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootrāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन
वशम्control, power
वशम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
गताwent/was brought into
गता:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√gam (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोगे ‘gone/come to’
समाक्रन्दत्cried out, screamed
समाक्रन्दत्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-ā-√krand (धातु)
Formलङ् (imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
भयपराovercome with fear
भयपरा:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhaya-para (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (भये परा = devoted to/overcome by fear)
दुःखोपहतयाwith (a voice) struck by sorrow
दुःखोपहतया:
Karaṇa (करण/तृतीया)
TypeAdjective
Rootduḥkha-upahata (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (दुःखेन उपहता = struck by sorrow)
गिराby/with speech, voice
गिरा:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootgir (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), एकवचन

The heavy-hipped Sita felt frightened in the grip of Ravana. When she saw Jatayu she screamed, shaken by sorrow:

S
Sītā
R
Rāvaṇa
J
Jatāyu

FAQs

The verse highlights adharma’s violence (abduction and coercion) and the dharmic impulse to call for help and witness—so truth and justice can be pursued.

Sītā, under Rāvaṇa’s control, sees Jatāyu and cries out in fear and anguish.

Sītā’s resolve to seek righteous aid rather than submit silently to wrongdoing.