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Shloka 1

दूषणवधः

The Slaying of Dūṣaṇa and the Rout of Khara’s Host

दूषणस्तु स्वकं सैन्यं हन्यमानं निरीक्ष्य सः।सन्दिदेश महाबाहुर्भीमवेगान्दुरासदान्।।।।राक्षसान्पञ्चसहस्रान्समरेष्वनिवर्तिनः।

dūṣaṇas tu svakaṃ sainyaṃ hanyamānaṃ nirīkṣya saḥ |

sandidēśa mahābāhur bhīmavegān durāsadān ||

rākṣasān pañcasahasrān samareṣv anivartinaḥ |

തന്റെ സൈന്യം വധിക്കപ്പെടുന്നതു കണ്ട മഹാബാഹുവായ ദൂഷണൻ ഭീമവേഗമുള്ളവരും നേരിടാൻ ദുഷ്കരരുമായും യുദ്ധത്തിൽ പിൻമാറാത്തവരുമായ അഞ്ചായിരം രാക്ഷസരെ നിയോഗിച്ചു.

dūṣaṇaḥDūṣaṇa
dūṣaṇaḥ:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootdūṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
tubut/indeed
tu:
सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-सम्बन्धक (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात/समुच्चयार्थ-भेदक (particle: but/indeed)
svakamhis own
svakam:
कर्म-विशेषण (Qualifier of object)
TypeAdjective
Rootsvaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)
sainyamarmy
sainyam:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootsainya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
hanyamānambeing slain
hanyamānam:
कर्म-विशेषण (Qualifier of object)
TypeAdjective
Roothan (धातु) + -yamāna (कृदन्त)
Formवर्तमानकाले कर्मणि-प्रयोगे शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त (present passive participle); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'सैन्यम्' इति विशेषण
nirīkṣyahaving seen
nirīkṣya:
पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnir-īkṣ (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund/absolutive): 'having seen'
saḥhe
saḥ:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
sandidēśacommanded/dispatched
sandidēśa:
क्रिया (Action)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-√diś (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन
mahābāhuḥmighty-armed
mahābāhuḥ:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā + bāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि-समास (one who has great arms); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'दूषणः' इति विशेषण
bhīmavēgānof dreadful speed
bhīmavēgān:
कर्म-विशेषण (Qualifier of object)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhīma + vēga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (terrible-speed); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; 'राक्षसान्' इति विशेषण
durāsadānhard to assail
durāsadān:
कर्म-विशेषण (Qualifier of object)
TypeAdjective
Rootdur + āsada (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (दुर् + आसद = hard to approach/assail); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; 'राक्षसान्' इति विशेषण
rākṣasāndemons
rākṣasān:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootrākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
pañcasahasrānfive thousand
pañcasahasrān:
कर्म-विशेषण (Numerical qualifier of object)
TypeAdjective
Rootpañca + sahasra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्विगु-समास (five-thousand); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; 'राक्षसान्' इति विशेषण
samarēṣuin battles
samarēṣu:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootsamara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), बहुवचन
anivartinaḥnot retreating
anivartinaḥ:
कर्म-विशेषण (Qualifier of object)
TypeAdjective
Roota + nivartin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; 'राक्षसान्' इति विशेषण; (a-nivartin = not turning back)

Very powerful demons like huge clouds roared, eager to kill Rama in war. They ran forward on chariots, horses and tall elephants, looking like mountain tops.

D
Dūṣaṇa
R
rākṣasas

FAQs

The verse shows adharma’s persistence: when wrongdoing is challenged, it often doubles down. Dharma requires continued resolve even when opposition escalates.

As Dūṣaṇa’s forces are being slain, he responds by bringing in a large reinforcement contingent of rākṣasas.

Rāma’s steadfast duty is implied: the more adharma surges, the more unwavering the protector must be.