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Shloka 42

हेमन्तवर्णनम् तथा भरतधर्मनिष्ठा-चिन्तनम्

Winter Description and Reflection on Bharata’s Devotion

तर्पयित्वाऽथ सलिलैस्ते पितृ़न्दैवतानि च।स्तुवन्ति स्मोदितं सूर्यं देवताश्च समाहिताः।।।।

tarpayitvā 'tha salilais te pitṝn daivatāni ca |

stuvanti smoditaṃ sūryaṃ devatāś ca samāhitāḥ ||

അനന്തരം അവർ ജലാർഘ്യങ്ങളാൽ പിതൃന്മാരെയും ദേവന്മാരെയും തൃപ്തിപ്പെടുത്തി; മനസ്സിനെ ഏകാഗ്രമാക്കി ഉദിച്ച സൂര്യദേവനെ സ്തുതിച്ചു—ദേവശക്തികളും സമാഹിതഭാവത്തിൽ ഏകതാളത്തിൽ നിലകൊണ്ടു.

tarpayitvāhaving satisfied/offered libations
tarpayitvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√tṛp (धातु)
FormCausative absolutive (णिच् + क्त्वा), indeclinable (अव्ययभाव)
athathen
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormConjunctive adverb (अनन्तरार्थक अव्यय)
salilaiḥwith waters
salilaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootsalila (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), 3rd case Instrumental (तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
pitṝnforefathers
pitṝn:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), 2nd case Accusative (द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
daivatānideities
daivatāni:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdaivatā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), 2nd case Accusative (द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
stuvantipraise
stuvanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√stu (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
sma(indeed/used to)
sma:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsma (अव्यय)
FormParticle indicating past narration with present (स्म-निपात)
uditamrisen
uditam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootudita (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), 2nd case Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying ‘sūryam’
sūryamthe Sun
sūryam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsūrya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), 2nd case Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
devatāḥthe deities
devatāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdevatā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
samāhitāḥcomposed/collected
samāhitāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsam-ā-√dhā (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); agreeing with ‘devatāḥ’

People in the countryside with their desires satisfied obtain abundant cow's milk at this time. Rulers of the earth are out on their expedition with a desire for victory.

R
Rāma
S
Sītā
L
Lakṣmaṇa
P
pitṛs (forefathers)
D
devatās (gods)
S
Sūrya (Sun)

FAQs

It teaches gratitude and continuity of sacred obligations: honoring pitṛs and devatās with offerings and truthful reverence sustains moral order (ṛta/dharma).

After bathing at Godāvarī, the trio performs water-offerings and praises the rising Sun in a composed state.

Śraddhā and self-discipline: careful performance of rites even while living in hardship.