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Shloka 130

Brahmin Conduct, Purificatory Baths, and the Garuḍa–Nectar Episode

Illustrative Narrative

उषःकालेऽवदत्सा च अश्वोयं कृष्णतां व्रजेत् । ततोहमवदं तत्र सदा चायं रुचासितः

uṣaḥkāle'vadatsā ca aśvoyaṃ kṛṣṇatāṃ vrajet | tatohamavadaṃ tatra sadā cāyaṃ rucāsitaḥ

ഉഷസ്സുകാലത്ത് അവൾ പറഞ്ഞു—“ഈ അശ്വം കറുപ്പാകും.” അപ്പോൾ ഞാൻ അവിടെ പറഞ്ഞു—“എന്നാൽ ഇത് തന്റെ സ്വാഭാവിക വർണഛായകൊണ്ട് എപ്പോഴും കറുപ്പുപോലെ തന്നെയുണ്ട്.”

उषः-कालेat dawn-time
उषः-काले:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक) + काल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: उषसः कालः = dawn-time
अवदत्said
अवदत्:
क्रिया (Verb action)
TypeVerb
Rootवद् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकारः (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्
साshe
सा:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचनम्
and
:
समुच्चय (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)
अश्वःthe horse
अश्वः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचनम्
अयम्this
अयम्:
कर्ता-विशेषण/निर्देश (Deictic)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचनम्; निर्देशवाचकः
कृष्णताम्blackness
कृष्णताम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्णता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचनम्; गत्यर्थ-क्रियायाः गन्तव्य-भावः
व्रजेत्should go / would become
व्रजेत्:
क्रिया (Verb action)
TypeVerb
Rootव्रज् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्
ततःthen
ततः:
क्रमसूचक (Sequencer)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततस् (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययम्; क्रम/हेतु-निर्देशकः (then/thereupon)
अहम्I
अहम्:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचनम्
अवदम्said
अवदम्:
क्रिया (Verb action)
TypeVerb
Rootवद् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकारः (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपदम्; उत्तमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्
तत्रthere
तत्र:
देशाधिकरण (Adverbial-locative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्ययम् (locative adverb)
सदाalways
सदा:
कालाधिकरण (Temporal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्ययम् (temporal adverb)
and
:
समुच्चय (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)
अयम्this
अयम्:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचनम्
रुचाby luster / in appearance
रुचा:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootरुच्/रुचा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचनम्
असितःblack
असितः:
कर्ता-विशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootअसित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचनम्; ‘अयम्’/‘अश्वः’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

Unspecified in the provided excerpt (female speaker followed by the narrator/‘I’ replying)

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: hasya

Sandhi Resolution Notes: उषःकालेऽवदत्सा = उषःकाले + अवदत् + सा; अश्वोयं = अश्वः + अयम्; ततोहमवदं = ततः + अहम् + अवदम्; चायं = च + अयम्; रुचासितः = रुचा + असितः.

FAQs

From the excerpt alone, the speakers are not explicitly identified: first a woman (“she said”), then the narrator (“I replied”). The surrounding verses are needed to name them with certainty.

It presents a brief exchange about a horse “becoming black,” countered by the reply that it is already (and always) dark by its natural color—suggesting a debate over change versus inherent nature.

Not directly in the isolated line provided. It reads as a narrative/dialogue fragment; any theological or ethical lesson depends on the larger episode in Adhyaya 47.