Shloka 84

The Greatness of Kāśī (Kāśī-māhātmya) and Avimukta’s Liberative Power

Devanagari script

श्रवणद्वादशीयोगो बुधवारे यदा भवेत् । तदा तस्मिन्नरः स्नात्वा संनिहत्याफलं लभेत् ॥ ८४ ॥

Transliteration

śravaṇadvādaśīyogo budhavāre yadā bhavet | tadā tasminnaraḥ snātvā saṃnihatyāphalaṃ labhet || 84 ||

Translation

ശ്രവണ–ദ്വാദശീ യോഗം ബുധനാഴ്ച വന്നാൽ, ആ അവസരത്തിൽ സ്നാനം ചെയ്യുന്ന മനുഷ്യൻ സന്നിഹതി വ്രത/കർമ്മത്തിന്റെ ഫലം പ്രാപിക്കുന്നു.

Word by Word

• श्रवण-द्वादशी-योगः: the conjunction of Śravaṇa (nakṣatra) and Dvādaśī (tithi)
• श्रवण-द्वादशी-योगः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रवण (प्रातिपदिक) + द्वादशी (प्रातिपदिक) + योग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; nominative singular; तत्पुरुष—‘श्रवणे द्वादश्याः योगः/सम्योगः’ (concurrence)

• बुध-वारे: on Wednesday
• बुध-वारे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुध (प्रातिपदिक) + वार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन; locative singular; तत्पुरुष—‘बुधस्य वारः’

• यदा: when
• यदा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा (अव्यय)
• Form: काल-अव्यय (temporal conjunction)

• भवेत्: should occur
• भवेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; parasmaipada

• तदा: then
• तदा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: काल-अव्यय (then)

• तस्मिन्: in that (time/occasion)
• तस्मिन्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन; locative singular

• नरः: a man/person
• नरः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; nominative singular

• स्नात्वा: having bathed
• स्नात्वा: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/absolutive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्ना (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), ‘having bathed’

• संनिहत्य: having destroyed/removed
• संनिहत्य: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/absolutive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-नि-√हन् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), ‘having destroyed/removed’

• अ-फलम्: non-fruit (i.e., sin/evil result)
• अ-फलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अ (नञ्-उपसर्ग) + फल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; accusative singular; नञ्-तत्प्रत्ययार्थः ‘non-fruit’ = ‘sin/evil consequence’ (contextual)

• लभेत्: would obtain
• लभेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: लभ् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

Speaker

Sanatkumara (in dialogue with Narada, Uttara-Bhaga tirtha/vrata discourse context)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Saṃnihatiyā / Saṃnihati (rite/observance)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Budha (Mercury)
• Śravaṇa (Nakṣatra)
• Dvādaśī (Tithi)

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It teaches that specific calendrical alignments (nakṣatra + tithi + weekday) are spiritually potent, and that a simple act like ritual bathing at the right time can yield the merit of a named observance (Saṃnihatiyā).

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By emphasizing disciplined observance (vrata-śraddhā) and purificatory acts like snāna on sacred timings, it supports bhakti as lived practice—aligning one’s routine with dharmic time to cultivate purity and devotion.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Jyotiṣa (Vedāṅga astrology): the verse relies on identifying a tithi (Dvādaśī), a nakṣatra (Śravaṇa), and a weekday (Budhavāra) to determine the prescribed action and its phala.