Shloka 41

The Greatness of the Month of Māgha

Māgha-snāna, Harivāsara, and the Kāṣṭhīlā-Upākhyāna

Devanagari script

प्रातर्विप्राय दद्याच्च वैष्णवाय कुटुंबिने । तत्कुंभक्रोडसंयुक्तं सनैवेद्यपरिच्छदम् ॥ ४१ ॥

Transliteration

prātarviprāya dadyācca vaiṣṇavāya kuṭuṃbine | tatkuṃbhakroḍasaṃyuktaṃ sanaivedyaparicchadam || 41 ||

Translation

പ്രഭാതത്തിൽ ഒരു വൈഷ്ണവ ഗൃഹസ്ഥ ബ്രാഹ്മണന് ഇത് ദാനം ചെയ്യണം; കുടവും അതിന്റെ ആധാരവും സഹിതം, നൈവേദ്യവും ആവശ്യമായ ഉപകരണങ്ങളും ചേർത്ത് നൽകണം.

Word by Word

• प्रातर्: in the morning
• प्रातर्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रातर् (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: in the morning)

• विप्राय: to a brāhmaṇa
• विप्राय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative/सम्प्रदान), एकवचन

• दद्यात्: should give
• दद्यात्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/विधि), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (and)

• वैष्णवाय: to a Vaiṣṇava devotee
• वैष्णवाय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैष्णव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative/सम्प्रदान), एकवचन

• कुटुम्बिने: (who is) a householder
• कुटुम्बिने: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कुटुम्बिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (householder/with family)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (that)

• कुम्भ-क्रोड-संयुक्तम्: connected with the pot’s base/stand
• कुम्भ-क्रोड-संयुक्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कुम्भ (प्रातिपदिक) + क्रोड (प्रातिपदिक) + संयुक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (कुम्भस्य क्रोडेन संयुक्तम् = joined with the pot’s base/stand)

• स-नैवेद्य-परिच्छदम्: along with offerings and accessories
• स-नैवेद्य-परिच्छदम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (अव्यय/उपपद) + नैवेद्य (प्रातिपदिक) + परिच्छद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष (नैवेद्येन सह परिच्छदः = with offerings and requisites)

Speaker

Narada (teaching in the Uttara-bhāga dāna/vrata context)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Harivāsara (contextual)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Vaishnava
• Brahmana

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It frames charity (dāna) as a devotional act: giving in the morning to a Vaiṣṇava brāhmaṇa householder, complete with the vessel, support, and offerings, makes the gift ritually whole and oriented toward Viṣṇu-bhakti.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti here is practiced through honoring a Vaiṣṇava recipient and offering naivedya—treating the act of giving as service connected to Viṣṇu, not merely social generosity.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It highlights ritual procedure (kalpa-style discipline): timing (morning), qualified recipient (Vaiṣṇava vipra), and completeness of the donation (kumbha with stand and paricchada, plus naivedya).