Shloka 32

The Greatness of the Month of Māgha

Māgha-snāna, Harivāsara, and the Kāṣṭhīlā-Upākhyāna

Devanagari script

तथा दुरितसंघं तु द्वादशी हंति साधिता । ब्रह्महत्या सुरापानं स्तेयं गुर्वंगनागमः ॥ ३२ ॥

Transliteration

tathā duritasaṃghaṃ tu dvādaśī haṃti sādhitā | brahmahatyā surāpānaṃ steyaṃ gurvaṃganāgamaḥ || 32 ||

Translation

അതുപോലെ വിധിപൂർവ്വം അനുഷ്ഠിച്ച ദ്വാദശി പാപസമൂഹത്തെ നശിപ്പിക്കുന്നു—ബ്രഹ്മഹത്യ, മദ്യപാനം, മോഷണം, ഗുരുപത്നീഗമനം മുതലായവയും।

Word by Word

• तथा: likewise/so
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकार/समुच्चयार्थे (adverb: ‘thus/likewise’)

• दुरित-संघम्: a mass/collection of sins
• दुरित-संघम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुरित (प्रातिपदिक) + संघ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (दुरितानां संघः)

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधान/विरोधार्थक-निपात (particle: ‘but/indeed’)

• द्वादशी: the Dvādaśī (12th lunar day/fast)
• द्वादशी: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (lunar 12th day)

• हन्ति: destroys
• हन्ति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (present); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• साधिता: properly observed
• साधिता: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: साध् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle); स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘properly observed/performed’ (द्वादशी-विशेषण)

• ब्रह्म-हत्या: Brahmin-slaying
• ब्रह्म-हत्या: Karma (कर्म/उद्देश्य-निर्देश)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + हत्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (ब्रह्मणः हत्या)

• सुरा-पानम्: drinking liquor
• सुरा-पानम्: Karma (कर्म/उद्देश्य-निर्देश)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुरा (प्रातिपदिक) + पान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (सुरायाः पानम्)

• स्तेयम्: theft
• स्तेयम्: Karma (कर्म/उद्देश्य-निर्देश)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तेय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन

• गुरु-अङ्गना-आगमः: approaching/consorting with the guru’s wife
• गुरु-अङ्गना-आगमः: Karma (कर्म/उद्देश्य-निर्देश)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु (प्रातिपदिक) + अङ्गना (प्रातिपदिक) + आगम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (गुरोः अङ्गनायाः आगमः = गमन/समागमः)

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Dvādaśī-vrata (Hari-dina observance connected with Viṣṇu)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Dvādaśī
• Guru

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It declares Dvādaśī (when properly observed as a vrata) as a powerful means of pāpa-kṣaya—capable of destroying even grave sins—thereby reinforcing the Purāṇic emphasis on disciplined vow-observance as spiritual purification.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

By praising the efficacy of Dvādaśī-vrata, it supports the Vaiṣṇava bhakti framework where regulated sacred time (tithi-based observances) and self-restraint become acts of devotion that purify the heart and support remembrance of Bhagavān.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

The verse implicitly relies on calendrical/tithi discipline—practical jyotiṣa (Vedāṅga Jyotiṣa) used to identify Dvādaśī and correctly perform the vrata according to lunar days.