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Shloka 40

Dialogue of Father and Son (Pitṛputra-saṃvāda) — Mohinī Episode

सोऽहं मूर्ध्नात्वया पुत्र धृतस्तत्क्षितिरक्षणात् । जित्वा द्वीपवतीं पृथ्वीं बहुभूपालसंवृताम् ॥ ४० ॥

so'haṃ mūrdhnātvayā putra dhṛtastatkṣitirakṣaṇāt | jitvā dvīpavatīṃ pṛthvīṃ bahubhūpālasaṃvṛtām || 40 ||

അതുകൊണ്ട്, പുത്രാ, ഭൂമിയുടെ രക്ഷയ്ക്കായി നീ എന്നെ നിന്റെ ശിരസ്സിൽ ധരിച്ചു. അനേകം രാജാക്കന്മാർ ചുറ്റിപ്പറ്റിയ ഈ ദ്വീപവതീ ഭൂമിയെ ജയിച്ച് നീ എന്നെ ഇങ്ങനെ താങ്ങി.

सःhe (that person)
सः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउभयलिङ्ग-प्रयोग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
मूर्ध्नाwith (my) head
मूर्ध्ना:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootमूर्धन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karta (कर्ता/Agent)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउभयलिङ्ग-प्रयोग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
पुत्रO son
पुत्र:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Address)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, संबोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
धृतः(I am) borne/held
धृतः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeVerb
Rootधृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय) → धृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोगार्थः ‘धृतः’ = ‘borne/held’
तत्of that
तत्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषार्थे (genitival sense), एकवचन; ‘of that’ (qualifying next compound)
क्षिति-रक्षणात्from (the duty of) protecting the earth
क्षिति-रक्षणात्:
Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान/Reason-Source)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षिति (प्रातिपदिक) + रक्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष समास (genitive determinative): ‘क्षित्याः रक्षणम्’; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन
जित्वाhaving conquered
जित्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया/Anterior action)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootजि (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा/अव्यय-प्रत्यय)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund/absolutive), पूर्वकाल (prior action)
द्वीपवतीम्island-filled
द्वीपवतीम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वीपवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; ‘possessing islands’
पृथ्वीम्the earth
पृथ्वीम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootपृथ्वी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
बहु-भूपाल-संवृताम्surrounded by many kings
बहु-भूपाल-संवृताम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु (प्रातिपदिक) + भूपाल (प्रातिपदिक) + संवृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; सम्+वृ/वृञ्)
Formसमास: ‘बहुभिः भूपालैः संवृता’ (instrumental sense; internally बहु+भूपाल = कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष-प्रायः, then with संवृत); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

Unspecified (narrative speaker not explicit in this single verse)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: shanta

FAQs

It frames political power as a dharmic responsibility: conquest and authority are justified only when they serve kṣiti-rakṣaṇa—protecting and upholding the Earth and its order.

Bhakti is implied as service expressed through duty: bearing a burden for the world’s welfare models selfless action offered to the higher order (dharma), which supports devotion in practice.

No specific Vedāṅga (like Vyākaraṇa, Jyotiṣa, or Kalpa) is taught directly; the practical takeaway is Rajadharma—ethical statecraft aligned with dharma rather than mere ambition.