Dvādaśī-vrata: Month-by-month Viṣṇu Worship and the Year-End Udyāpana
सर्वात्मा सर्वलोकेशः सर्वव्यापी सनातनः । नारायणः प्रसन्नः स्यात्कृशरान्नप्रदानतः ॥ २८ ॥
sarvātmā sarvalokeśaḥ sarvavyāpī sanātanaḥ | nārāyaṇaḥ prasannaḥ syātkṛśarānnapradānataḥ || 28 ||
സർവ്വാത്മാവും സർവ്വലോകേശനും സർവ്വവ്യാപിയും സനാതനനുമായ ശ്രീനാരായണൻ കൃശരാന്നദാനം ചെയ്താൽ പ്രസന്നനാകുന്നു।
Sanatkumara (in dialogue with Narada)
Vrata: none
Primary Rasa: bhakti
Secondary Rasa: shanta
It teaches that the all-pervading Nārāyaṇa is pleased not only by lofty austerities but also by sincere, accessible dharma—specifically anna-dāna (gift of food), here exemplified by offering kṛśarā.
Bhakti is shown as practical service: recognizing Nārāyaṇa as the Self of all and expressing devotion through compassionate giving. The offering of food becomes a concrete act of love and reverence toward Vishnu and living beings.
Ritual application rather than a technical Vedanga is emphasized: dana-vidhi (rules and spirit of charitable offering) within dharma practice, focusing on anna-dāna as a meritorious, devotional act.