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Shloka 127

Adhyaya 8 — Harishchandra’s Trial: Truth, the Sale of Family, and Bondage to a Chandala

Sanskrit

एवं द्वादशमासास्तु नीताः शतसमोपमाः ।

स कदाचिन्नृपश्रेष्ठः श्रान्तो बन्धुवियोगवान् ॥

Transliteration

evaṃ dvādaśa-māsās tu nītāḥ śata-samopamāḥ / sa kadācin nṛpa-śreṣṭhaḥ śrānto bandhu-viyogavān

Translation

ഇങ്ങനെ പന്ത്രണ്ട് മാസങ്ങൾ കടന്നു; അത് നൂറുവർഷംപോലെ തോന്നി. പിന്നെ ഒരിക്കൽ ആ രാജശ്രേഷ്ഠൻ—ക്ഷീണിതനും ബന്ധുക്കളിൽ നിന്ന് വേർപെട്ടവനും ആയി—അത്യന്തം വിഷണ്ണനായി।

Word by Word
एवम्thus, in this way
एवम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of manner) — Manner adverb
द्वादशtwelve
द्वादश:
विशेषणम् (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वादश (संख्याशब्द; प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास (द्विगु) संख्याविशेषणम्; पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-बहुवचनम् (मासाः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्) — Numeral adjective; Masculine, Nominative Plural
मासाःmonths
मासाः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-बहुवचनम् — Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural
तुindeed, but
तु:
सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/विरोधार्थक-अव्यय (particle) — Emphatic/contrastive particle
नीताःwere spent, were passed
नीताः:
क्रिया-विशेषण/विधेय (Predicative)
TypeVerb
Rootनीत (कृदन्त; √नी)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्; कर्मणि/भावे प्रयोगे ‘spent/led’ — Past participle; Masculine, Nominative Plural
शतa hundred
शत:
समासाङ्ग (Compound member)
TypeAdjective
Rootशत (संख्याशब्द; प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (समासाङ्ग) — Neuter, Nom/Acc Singular (compound member)
समequal
सम:
समासाङ्ग (Compound member)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-बहुवचनम् (समासाङ्ग); विशेषणम् — Masculine, Nominative Plural (compound member)
उपमाःcomparable to
उपमाः:
विशेषणम् (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootउपमा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे प्रथमा-बहुवचनम् — Feminine, Nominative Plural; विशेषणम् (मासाः इत्यस्य)
सःhe
सः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम; प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम् — Masculine, Nominative Singular (pronoun)
कदाचित्once, at some time
कदाचित्:
कालाधिकरण (Time locus)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदाचित् (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time) — Temporal adverb
नृपश्रेष्ठःbest of kings
नृपश्रेष्ठः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता) (apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootनृप + श्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (नृपाणां श्रेष्ठः); पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम् — Genitive tatpurusha; Masculine, Nominative Singular
श्रान्तःweary
श्रान्तः:
विशेषणम् (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रान्त (कृदन्त; √श्रम्)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम् — Past participle; Masculine, Nominative Singular
बन्धुof relatives
बन्धु:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootबन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे षष्ठी-बहुवचनम् (समासाङ्ग) — Masculine, Genitive Plural (compound member)
वियोगवान्having separation (bereft)
वियोगवान्:
विशेषणम् (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootवियोगवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम्; मतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त (वत्) — Masculine, Nominative Singular; possessive adjective
Speakers
Narrative voice within Markandeya Purana (frame-speakers not identifiable from excerpt alone)
Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes
Suffering and time-perceptionSeparation (vियोग)Karmic endurance

FAQs

Suffering dilates time; a single year can feel like an age. The verse underscores how loss of social support (bandhu) intensifies karmic pain.

Carita: a moralized life-episode; not directly Manvantara/Vamśa data here.

‘Twelve months’ can also echo cyclical bondage—revolving through the year like saṃsāra—until a decisive insight or turning occurs.

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