Shloka 26

Adhyaya 63 — Sumati's Dharma

Sanskrit

प्रादादुद्वाहिकं सोऽपि मत्पित्रे श्वशुरः स्वयम् ।

मयापि शिक्षितं वीर सकाशाद् बालया पितुः ॥

Transliteration

prādād udvāhikaṃ so 'pi matpitre śvaśuraḥ svayam | mayāpi śikṣitaṃ vīra sakāśād bālayā pituḥ ||

Translation

അദ്ദേഹവും—എന്റെ പിതാവിന്റെ ശ്വശുരൻ—വിവാഹോപഹാരമായി ഇത് എന്റെ പിതാവിന് നൽകി. ഹേ വീരാ, ബാല്യകാലം മുതൽ പിതാവിൽ നിന്ന് എനിക്ക് ഇതിന്റെ ഉപദേശം ലഭിച്ചു.

Word by Word

• प्रादात्: gave
• प्रादात्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-दा (धातु)
• Form: लुङ्-लकारः (Aorist/Past), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; parasmaipada

• औद्वाहिकम्: the wedding-gift / nuptial (weapon)
• औद्वाहिकम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उद्वाहिक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (कर्म), एकवचनम्; Accusative singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; Nominative singular

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; particle (also)

• मत्-पित्रे: to my father
• मत्-पित्रे: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मत् (अस्मद्-प्रातिपदिक) + पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, चतुर्थी-विभक्तिः (सम्प्रदान), एकवचनम्; Dative singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: मम पिता (‘to my father’)

• श्वशुरः: father-in-law
• श्वशुरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्वशुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; Nominative singular

• स्वयम्: himself
• स्वयम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; emphatic adverb

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-विभक्तिः (करण), एकवचनम्; Instrumental singular ‘by me’

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; particle (also)

• शिक्षितम्: taught / learned
• शिक्षितम्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शिक्ष् (धातु) (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; ‘(astram) taught/learned’

• वीर: O hero
• वीर: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सम्बोधन-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; Vocative singular

• सकाशात्: from (the presence of)
• सकाशात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सकाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय-प्रयोगः (पञ्चमी-अर्थे); ablatival adverb ‘from/near’

• बालया: by the girl / young woman
• बालया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाला (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (करण), एकवचनम्; Instrumental singular

• पितुः: of (her) father
• पितुः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (सम्बन्ध), एकवचनम्; Genitive singular

Speakers

• Unspecified; speaker addresses a ‘vīra’ and describes instruction lineage

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "vira", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Householder context (marriage-linked transmission)
• Education from childhood
• Legitimate instruction (śikṣā)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Purāṇic dharma integrates spiritual power with gṛhastha life: even potent protective knowledge can be transmitted through family rites, but it remains grounded in disciplined training.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Not pancalakṣaṇa proper; it is social-dharma texture within an ākhyāna, showing how vidyā can be embedded in household lineages.

What is the esoteric significance?

Marriage-gift framing implies ‘bonded responsibility’: power is tied to relational duty and protection of lineage, not mere personal prowess.