Shloka 50

Adhyaya 22 — Kuvalayashva’s Death through Daitya-Deceit and Madalasa’s Self-Immolation

Sanskrit

प्रणिपत्य स तं प्रायाद्राजपुत्रः पुरं पितुः ।

समारुह्य तमेवाश्वं सुपर्णानिलविक्रमम् ॥

Transliteration

praṇipatya sa taṃ prāyād rājaputraḥ puraṃ pituḥ | samāruhya tam evāśvaṃ suparṇānilavikramam ||

Translation

അവനെ നമസ്കരിച്ച് രാജകുമാരൻ പിതാവിന്റെ നഗരത്തിലേക്ക് പുറപ്പെട്ടു; ഗരുഡനും കാറ്റും പോലെയുള്ള വേഗമുള്ള അതേ കുതിരമേറി വേഗത്തിൽ പോയി।

Word by Word

• प्रणिपत्य: having bowed down
• प्रणिपत्य: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-नि-पत् (धातु) + ल्यप् (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त/ल्यबन्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), उपसर्गाः—प्र, नि; अर्थः—‘प्रणामं कृत्वा/नत्वा’

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• प्रायात्: went forth
• प्रायात्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-या (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; उपसर्गः—प्र

• राजपुत्रः: the prince
• राजपुत्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः—राज्ञः पुत्रः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• पुरम्: to the city
• पुरम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• पितुः: of (his) father
• पितुः: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• समारुह्य: having mounted
• समारुह्य: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-रुह् (धातु) + ल्यप् (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त/ल्यबन्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), उपसर्गाः—सम्, आ; अर्थः—‘आरुह्य/अधिरुह्य’

• तम्: that
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक अव्यय (particle)

• अश्वम्: horse
• अश्वम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• सुपर्णानिलविक्रमम्: having the speed/stride of Garuḍa and the wind
• सुपर्णानिलविक्रमम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुपर्ण + अनिल + विक्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; बहुपद-समासः—सुपर्णस्य (गरुडस्य) अनिलस्य च विक्रम इव विक्रमः (उपमान-तत्पुरुष/कर्मधारयार्थ-समासप्रयोगः); विशेषणम् ‘अश्वम्’

Speakers

• Narrative voice

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "vira", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Garuḍa (as simile: suparṇa)

Key Themes

• Respect and gratitude (praṇipāta)
• Journey/return
• Royal narrative
• Speed similes

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Proper closure of receiving help includes reverence and gratitude; dharmic action is paired with humility (praṇipāta) before moving on to one’s next duty.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ākhyāna; narrative progression within the royal episode.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘wind/Garuḍa-speed’ horse symbolizes prāṇa and aspiration carrying the agent from liminal sacred space back to the realm of responsibility.