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Shloka 58

Adhyaya 21Kuvalayashva’s Descent to Patala and the Rescue of Madalasa

त्वयैव विद्धोऽसन्दिग्धं स पापो दानवाधमः ।

सुरभिः सा गवां माता कथं मिथ्या वदिष्यति ॥

tvayaiva viddho 'sandigdhaṃ sa pāpo dānavādhamaḥ | surabhiḥ sā gavāṃ mātā kathaṃ mithyā vadiṣyati ||

ആ ദുഷ്ടൻ, ദാനവന്മാരിൽ ഏറ്റവും പാപിഷ്ഠൻ, നിശ്ചയമായും നിനാൽ ഹതനായിരിക്കുന്നു—ഇതിൽ സംശയമില്ല. അവൾ സുരഭി, ഗോമാതാവ്; അവൾ എങ്ങനെ അസത്യം പറയും?

tvayāby you
tvayā:
Karana (करण/Instrument; agent in passive)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/स्त्री (सर्वनाम), तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक अव्यय
viddhaḥpierced, struck
viddhaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Root√vyadh (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formक्त (Past Passive Participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; sa इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
asandigdhamundoubtedly
asandigdham:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverb)
TypeIndeclinable
Roota-sandigdha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभावेन क्रियाविशेषणवत् (adverbial accusative): ‘निःसन्देहम्’
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
pāpaḥsinful, wicked
pāpaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; saḥ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
dānava-adhamaḥthe lowest of the Dānavas
dānava-adhamaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; apposition to saḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootdānava (प्रातिपदिक) + adhama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (दैनवेषु अधमः)
surabhiḥSurabhi (the cow)
surabhiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootsurabhi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
she
:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; apposition)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
gavāmof cows
gavām:
Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootgo (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural)
mātāmother
mātā:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; predicate noun)
TypeNoun
Rootmātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
kathamhow
katham:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Question marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkatham (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्नार्थक अव्यय (interrogative adverb)
mithyāfalsely
mithyā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmithyā (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक अव्यय (adverb: falsely)
vadiṣyatiwill speak
vadiṣyati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vad (धातु)
Formलृट् (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन, परस्मैपद
Contextual voice affirming Surabhi’s testimony (exact speaker not explicit from verse alone)

{ "primaryRasa": "vira", "secondaryRasa": "raudra", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Satya (truth)Authority of sacred beingsCondemnation of adharmaProtection of Surabhi/cows

FAQs

Truth is reinforced by trustworthy pramāṇa (reliable testimony). The text elevates Surabhi as intrinsically truthful, linking dharma with protection and reverence for the ‘mother of cows’.

Primarily narrative-ethical material (vaṃśānucarita flavor), not a cosmological or manvantara exposition.

Surabhi symbolizes dharma’s nourishing ground (go-mātṛ); her ‘inability to lie’ signals that sustaining principles of life cannot be founded on falsehood.