Shloka 30

Adhyaya 19 — Kartavirya Arjuna at Dattatreya’s Ashram: Boons, Sovereignty, and Vaishnava Praise

Sanskrit

दत्तात्रेयाद्दिन यस्मिन् स प्रापर्धि नरेश्वरः ।

तस्मिंस्तस्मिन् दिने यागं दत्तात्रेयस्य सोऽकरोत् ॥

Transliteration

dattātreyād dina yasmin sa prāpardhi nareśvaraḥ | tasmiṃs tasmin dine yāgaṃ dattātreyasya so 'karot ||

Translation

ആ രാജാവ് ദത്താത്രേയന്റെ പ്രസാദത്താൽ സമൃദ്ധി നേടിയ അതേ ദിവസത്തിൽ തന്നേ, ദത്താത്രേയനു വേണ്ടി യാഗപൂജ നടത്തി।

Word by Word

• दत्तात्रेयात्: from Dattātreya
• दत्तात्रेयात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दत्तात्रेय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/अपादान), एकवचन

• दिन: day (on a day)
• दिन: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; अव्ययीभावेन ‘दिनम्’ अर्थे (temporal)

• यस्मिन्: in which
• यस्मिन्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन

• स: he
• स: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन

• प्रापर्धि: attained/obtained
• प्रापर्धि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आपृध्/प्र-आपर्ध् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्/परस्मैपद-रूपसदृशं (Perfect-like), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; अर्थे ‘प्राप’ (attained)

• नरेश्वरः: the king (lord of men)
• नरेश्वरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरेश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: नराणाम् ईश्वरः

• तस्मिन्: on that
• तस्मिन्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन

• तस्मिन्: very (same)
• तस्मिन्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति-बलात् ‘that very’

• दिने: on the day
• दिने: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन

• यागम्: sacrifice/ritual offering
• यागम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: याग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन

• दत्तात्रेयस्य: of Dattātreya
• दत्तात्रेयस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दत्तात्रेय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन

• अकरोत्: performed/did
• अकरोत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Speakers

• Frame-dialogue context (Dharmapakṣī birds narrating; exact speaker not explicit in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhakti", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Dattātreya
• Viṣṇu (implicit)

Key Themes

• Bhakti
• Ritual worship (yajña/yāga)
• Royal dharma
• Grace leading to prosperity

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Prosperity is framed as arising from divine grace, but the king responds with gratitude expressed through proper worship; the ethical emphasis is reciprocity—receiving boons should lead to dharmic action rather than pride.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Primarily Dharma/Ācāra instruction embedded in itihāsa-style narration; not a direct sarga/pratisarga passage. It functions as didactic narrative (ākhyāna) supporting dharma.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘same day’ motif suggests immediacy of alignment: when grace dawns, one should instantly stabilize it through yajña (inner and outer discipline), converting fortune into a sustained spiritual trajectory.