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Shloka 44

Adhyaya 14The Messenger of Yama Explains Karmic Retribution and the Causes of Naraka Torments

हरन्ति तेषां जिह्वाश्च जायमानाः पुनः पुनः ।

तावतो वत्सरानेते वज्रतुण्डाः सदारुणाः ॥

haranti teṣāṃ jihvāś ca jāyamānāḥ punaḥ punaḥ /

tāvato vatsarān ete vajratuṇḍāḥ sadāruṇāḥ

ആ സദാ ഭീകരമായ വജ്രചുണ്ടുള്ള പക്ഷികൾ അവരുടെ നാവുകൾ പിഴുതെടുക്കുന്നു; നാവ് വീണ്ടും വീണ്ടും ജനിച്ചാലും, അത്ര വർഷങ്ങളോളം വീണ്ടും വീണ്ടും പിഴുതെടുക്കപ്പെടുന്നു.

हरन्तिthey take away / remove
हरन्ति:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootहृ (धातु)
Formलट् (Present/वर्तमान), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (plural)
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन (plural), सर्वनाम
जिह्वाःtongues
जिह्वाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootजिह्वा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), बहुवचन (plural)
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
जायमानाःbeing born / arising
जायमानाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (धातु) + शानच् (कृदन्त)
Formवर्तमानकाले शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्ययान्तः (present participle), आत्मनेपद-भावः; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
पुनःagain
पुनः:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)
पुनःagain (repeatedly)
पुनः:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)
तावतःso many
तावतः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतावत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; परिमाणवाचक-विशेषण (quantitative adjective)
वत्सरान्years
वत्सरान्:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootवत्सर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), बहुवचन
एतेthese
एते:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम-विशेषण
वज्रतुण्डाःthose with thunderbolt-like beaks
वज्रतुण्डाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवज्र + तुण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (genitive determinative: 'vajrasya tuṇḍam'), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
सदारुणाःalways cruel / very dreadful
सदारुणाः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसदा + रुण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारयः (sada = always + aruṇa/aruṇa? here 'dāruṇa' intended: 'always cruel'); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
Didactic narration (frame-speaker not explicit in excerpt)

{ "primaryRasa": "raudra", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Karmic retributionEthics of speechNaraka

FAQs

Harmful speech—lying, slander, and corrupt teaching—returns as suffering centered on the organ of speech. The repetitive nature indicates the persistence of karmic residue until fully exhausted.

Dharma/ācāra instruction via naraka-varṇana, not a direct pancalakṣaṇa element.

The tongue signifies both enjoyment (taste) and revelation (mantra). Misuse of vāṇī severs one from truth; retribution dramatizes restoration of purity by forced cessation of corrupt speech.