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Shloka 36

Virāṭa-parva Adhyāya 54 — Missile-Exchange and Tactical Redirection

Arjuna, Aśvatthāman, Karṇa

स पार्थमुक्तैरिषुभि: प्रणुन्नो गजो गजेनेव जितस्तरस्वी । विहाय संग्रामशिर: प्रयातो वैकर्तन: पाण्डवबाणतप्त:

sa pārthamuktair iṣubhiḥ praṇunno gajo gajen eva jitas tarasvī | vihāya saṅgrāmaśiraḥ prayāto vaikartanaḥ pāṇḍavabāṇataptaḥ ||

പാർത്ഥൻ വിട്ട അമ്പുകളാൽ ശക്തമായി പ്രഹരിക്കപ്പെട്ട ആ മഹാബലി വൈകർത്തനൻ, ഒരു ഗജം മറ്റൊരു ഗജത്താൽ ജയിക്കപ്പെട്ടതുപോലെ, യുദ്ധത്തിന്റെ മുൻനിര വിട്ട് പിന്മാറി. പാണ്ഡവന്റെ ബാണങ്ങളാൽ ദഹിച്ച കർണ്ണൻ സമരത്തിൽ നിന്ന് മാറിനിന്നു.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थम्Arjuna
पार्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उक्तैःshot/loosed (lit. 'said/uttered')
उक्तैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootउक्त
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
इषुभिःwith arrows
इषुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootइषु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
प्रणुन्नःdriven back/repelled
प्रणुन्नः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-नुद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गजःthe elephant
गजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गजेनby an elephant
गजेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगज
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
इवas/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
जितःconquered/defeated
जितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootजि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तरस्वीmighty/impetuous
तरस्वी:
TypeAdjective
Rootतरस्विन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विहायhaving abandoned/left
विहाय:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-हा
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
संग्रामशिरःthe head/front of the battle (battlefield)
संग्रामशिरः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्राम-शिरस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रयातःgone forth/departed
प्रयातः:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या
FormPast passive participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
वैकर्तनःKarna (son of Vikartana)
वैकर्तनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैकर्तन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पाण्डवबाणतप्तःscorched/tormented by the Pāṇḍava's arrows
पाण्डवबाणतप्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपाण्डव-बाण-तप्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
V
Vaikartana (Karna)
P
Pāṇḍavas
A
arrows (iṣu/bāṇa)
E
elephant (gaja)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores that sheer might and reputation do not guarantee victory; when confronted by superior skill and force, even a great warrior may be compelled to retreat. Ethically, it reflects the battlefield reality that prudence and survival can override pride, and that resistance to aggression can check even the strongest opponent.

Vaiśampāyana narrates that Karṇa (Vaikartana), struck and driven back by Arjuna’s arrows, leaves the battle’s forefront and withdraws—likened to an elephant defeated by another elephant—indicating Arjuna’s dominance in that exchange.