Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 16

अर्जुन-कर्ण-सङ्ग्रामः

Arjuna–Karna Engagement in the Cattle-Raid Aftermath

आत्मानं क: समुद्धद्ध्य कण्ठे बद्ध्वा महाशिलाम्‌ | समुद्र तरते दोर्भ्या तत्र कि नाम पौरुषम्‌,अपने-आपको बन्धनसे जकड़कर और गलेमें बड़ी भारी शिला बाँधकर कौन दोनों हाथोंसे तैरता हुआ समुद्रको पार कर सकता है? उसमें क्या यह पुरुषार्थ है! अर्थात्‌ मूर्खता है

ātmānaṃ kaḥ samuddhṛtya kaṇṭhe baddhvā mahāśilām | samudraṃ tarate dorbhyāṃ tatra kiṃ nāma pauruṣam ||

സ്വയം ബന്ധനത്തിൽ കുടുക്കി, കഴുത്തിൽ മഹാശില കെട്ടി, കൈകളാൽ നീന്തി ആരാണ് സമുദ്രം കടക്കുക? അതിൽ എന്ത് പൗരുഷം? അത് ധൈര്യമല്ല—മൂഢതയാണ്.

आत्मानम्oneself
आत्मानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समुद्धद्ध्यhaving (firmly) fastened / having bound
समुद्धद्ध्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्-उद्-धā (धाव्/धा) (intended: समुद्धृत्य from सम्-उद्-हृ)
FormAs transmitted, form is irregular; sense requires a gerund 'having bound/fastened'. Likely reading: समुद्धृत्य/समुद्धृत्य (gerund).
कण्ठेon the neck
कण्ठे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकण्ठ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
बद्ध्वाhaving tied/bound
बद्ध्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootबन्ध्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
महाशिलाम्a huge rock
महाशिलाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहाशिला
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
समुद्रम्the ocean
समुद्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसमुद्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तरतेcrosses / swims across
तरते:
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ (तॄ/तॄञ्)
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular, Active
दोर्भ्याम्with (his) two arms
दोर्भ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदोर् (दोर्/दोः)
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Dual
तत्रthere / in that case
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
किम्what?
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
नामindeed / pray
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
FormEmphatic particle
पौरुषम्manliness, valor, heroic effort
पौरुषम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपौरुष
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

कृप उवाच

K
Kṛpa
M
mahāśilā (heavy stone)
S
samudra (ocean)
K
kaṇṭha (neck)
B
bāhu/dor (arms)

Educational Q&A

True valor is not self-destructive bravado. Deliberately taking on a crippling burden and then calling the resulting struggle ‘heroism’ is condemned as foolishness; wise action aligns effort with attainable, dharmic ends.

Kṛpa is offering counsel by using a vivid metaphor: trying to cross an ocean while a heavy stone is tied to one’s neck. He argues that such an act cannot be praised as pauruṣa (heroic effort) because it is knowingly self-sabotaging.