Shloka 23

आचार्य-क्षमा, देśa–kāla-नīti, तथा भेद-दोषः

Teacher-Reconciliation, Timing-Policy, and the Fault of Factionalism

Devanagari script

त॑ं समाश्चासयामास पुनरेव धनंजय:,तदनन्तर अर्जुनने उत्तरको पुनः धीरज बँधाया

Transliteration

taṁ samāśvāsayāmāsa punar eva dhanaṁjayaḥ | tadanantaram arjunena uttarakaḥ punaḥ dhairyaṁ bandhāya ||

Translation

അതിനുശേഷം ധനഞ്ജയൻ (അർജുനൻ) അവനെ വീണ്ടും ആശ്വസിപ്പിച്ചു.

Word by Word

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• समाश्वासयामास: comforted / reassured
• समाश्वासयामास: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-श्वस् (causative: आश्वासयति)
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

• एव: indeed / just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• धनंजयः: Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
• धनंजयः: Karta
• Type: Noun (Proper)
• Root: धनंजय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तत्: that
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• अनन्तरम्: immediately after / thereafter
• अनन्तरम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective (used adverbially)
• Root: अनन्तर
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अर्जुनः: Arjuna
• अर्जुनः: Karta
• Type: Noun (Proper)
• Root: अर्जुन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उत्तरकः: Uttaraka
• उत्तरकः: Karta
• Type: Noun (Proper)
• Root: उत्तरक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

• धीरजम्: steadfastness / courage
• धीरजम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धीरज
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• बन्धाय: for binding / for strengthening (resolve: to brace)
• बन्धाय: Sampradana
• Type: Verb (verbal noun/infinitive-like dative)
• Root: बन्ध (from √बन्ध्)
• Form: Dative singular of action-noun (tumun not used here; -आय dative)

• आयास: endeavoured / proceeded (reading uncertain)
• आयास: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-यास (or √या with ā-; textual uncertainty)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ) / Perfect (Liṭ) uncertain due to corrupted reading, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
• Uttara

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Steadfast guidance and right counsel can restore courage in moments of fear; a leader’s duty includes strengthening the wavering and helping them return to their rightful resolve (dhairya) and duty (dharma).

What is happening in the narrative?

After Uttara falters, Arjuna (Dhanañjaya) reassures him again; as a result, Uttara regains composure and courage, preparing to proceed with the task at hand under Arjuna’s protection and instruction.