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Shloka 18

Karna’s Martial Boast and Challenge to Bībhatsu

Arjuna

ये त्विमे निशिता: पीता: पृथवो दीर्घवासस: । हेमपुड्खास्त्रिपर्वाणो राज्ञ एते महाशरा:,ये जो तीखे, पानीदार, मोटे और बड़ी-बड़ी पाँखोंवाले तीन पर्वोके बाण हैं और जिनकी पाँखें सोनेकी बनी हुई हैं; ये सब राजा युधिष्ठिके महान्‌ शर हैं

uttara uvāca | ye tv ime niśitāḥ pītāḥ pṛthavo dīrghavāsasaḥ | hemapuḍkhās triparvāṇo rājña ete mahāśarāḥ ||

ഉത്തര പറഞ്ഞു—“ഇവ മൂർച്ചയുള്ളതും പീതവർണ്ണമുള്ളതും വിശാലവും ഭാരവുമുള്ളതും ദീർഘപക്ഷങ്ങളോടുകൂടിയതും സ്വർണ്ണപുട്ഖങ്ങളാൽ അലങ്കരിക്കപ്പെട്ടതുമായ മൂന്ന് പർവ്വങ്ങളുള്ള ബാണങ്ങൾ—ഇവ രാജാവായ യുധിഷ്ഠിരന്റെ മഹാശരങ്ങളാണ്.”

येwhich/these (who)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
इमेthese
इमे:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
निशिताःsharpened/keen
निशिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिशित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पीताःyellow/golden-hued
पीताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपीत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पृथवःbroad/thick
पृथवः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपृथु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दीर्घवाससःhaving long feathers/vanes
दीर्घवाससः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदीर्घ-वासस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हेमपुड्खाःgolden-fletched (with gold at the tail)
हेमपुड्खाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootहेम-पुड्ख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
त्रिपर्वाणःthree-jointed/three-barbed
त्रिपर्वाणः:
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि-पर्वन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महाशराःgreat arrows
महाशराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहा-शर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

उत्तर उवाच

U
Uttara
T
the king (rājā)
M
mahāśarāḥ (great arrows)
H
hema-puḍkha (golden fletching/arrow-end)
T
tri-parvan (three-jointed construction)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights discernment and accurate recognition: Uttara identifies distinctive royal weaponry by its craftsmanship and features, underscoring attentiveness to signs and the seriousness of martial responsibility.

In the Virāṭa episode, Uttara points out a set of exceptionally made arrows—sharp, broad, long-feathered, gold-fitted, and three-jointed—describing them as the king’s great shafts, as preparations and identifications of arms are being made.