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Shloka 19

दमयन्त्या वणिजां सार्थगमनम्, हस्तियूथविप्लवः, चेदिराजपुरप्रवेशश्च

Damayantī joins a caravan; elephant-herd catastrophe; entry into Cedi

तेनार्थ वाससश्कछित्त्वा निवस्य च परंतप: । सुप्तामुत्सृज्य वैदर्भी प्राद्रवद्‌ गतचेतनाम्‌,उसीसे दमयन्तीका आधा वस्त्र काटकर परंतप नलने उसके द्वारा अपना शरीर ढँक लिया और अचेत सोती हुई विदर्भराजकुमारी दमयन्तीको वहीं छोड़कर वे शीघ्रतासे चले गये

tenārthaṃ vāsasaś chittvā nivasya ca parantapaḥ | suptām utsṛjya vaidarbhīṃ prādravad gatacetanām ||

അതേ വാൾകൊണ്ട് പരന്തപനായ നളൻ വസ്ത്രം രണ്ടായി മുറിച്ച് ഒരു ഭാഗം ധരിച്ചു; ബോധമറ്റുറങ്ങുന്ന വൈദർഭി ദമയന്തിയെ അവിടെത്തന്നെ ഉപേക്ഷിച്ച് അവൻ വേഗത്തിൽ ഓടിപ്പോയി.

तेनwith that (by means of that)
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अर्धवाससःof half of the garment
अर्धवाससः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्ध-वासस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
छित्त्वाhaving cut
छित्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootछिद्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
निवस्यhaving put on (worn)
निवस्य:
TypeVerb
Rootवस्
Formल्यप् (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
परंतपःthe scorcher of foes (Nala)
परंतपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपरंतप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुप्ताम्sleeping
सुप्ताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसुप्त
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उत्सृज्यhaving abandoned/left behind
उत्सृज्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-√सृज्
Formल्यप् (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
वैदर्भीम्the princess of Vidarbha (Damayantī)
वैदर्भीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवैदर्भी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्राद्रवत्ran forth / hastened away
प्राद्रवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√द्रु
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
गतचेतनाम्unconscious (one whose mind had gone)
गतचेतनाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootगत-चेतना
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

बृहदश्च उवाच

N
Nala (parantapaḥ)
D
Damayantī (Vaidarbhī)
G
garment/cloth (vāsas)

Educational Q&A

Even under extreme distress, dharma emphasizes protection of those dependent on us—especially one’s spouse. The verse highlights how delusion and fear can drive a person to violate this duty, setting up the moral and karmic consequences that follow in the narrative.

Nala, in a desperate state, cuts their garment to obtain clothing for himself, leaves Damayantī asleep and unconscious in the wilderness, and flees quickly—marking the painful separation central to the Nala–Damayantī episode.