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Shloka 3

जामदग्न्यस्य विलापः, प्रतिज्ञा, क्षत्रिय-निग्रहः, दानयज्ञश्च

Jāmadagnya Rāma’s Lament, Vow, Kṣatriya Suppression, and Gifts

कि नु तैर्न कृतं पापं यैर्भवांस्तपसि स्थित: । अयुध्यमानो वृद्ध: सन्‌ हतः शरशतै: शितै:,आप तपस्यामें संलग्न, युद्धसे विरत और वृद्ध थे तो भी जिन्होंने सैकड़ों तीखे बाणोंद्वारा आपकी हत्या की है, उन्होंने कौन-सा पाप नहीं किया?

ki nu tair na kṛtaṃ pāpaṃ yair bhavāṃs tapasi sthitaḥ | ayudhyamāno vṛddhaḥ san hataḥ śaraśataiḥ śitaiḥ ||

നിങ്ങൾ തപസ്സിൽ ലീനനും യുദ്ധത്തിൽ നിന്ന് വിട്ടുനിന്നവനും വൃദ്ധനുമായിരുന്നു; എന്നിട്ടും നൂറുകണക്കിന് മൂർച്ചയുള്ള അമ്പുകളാൽ നിങ്ങളെ കൊന്നവർ—ഏത് പാപമാണ് ചെയ്യാതെ വിട്ടത്?

किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
नुindeed/then (interrogative particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
तैःby them
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कृतम्done/committed
कृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त (past passive participle), neuter, nominative/accusative, singular
पापम्sin/evil
पापम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
Formneuter, accusative, singular
यैःby whom
यैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, plural
भवान्you (honorific)
भवान्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तपसिin austerity/penance
तपसि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
Formneuter, locative, singular
स्थितःstanding/abiding
स्थितः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formक्त (past active participle usage), masculine, nominative, singular
अयुध्यमानःnot fighting
अयुध्यमानः:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
Formशानच् (present participle, parasmaipada), अ- (negation), masculine, nominative, singular
वृद्धःold/aged
वृद्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवृद्ध
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सन्being
सन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formशतृ (present participle), masculine, nominative, singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
हतःkilled/slain
हतः:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), masculine, nominative, singular
शरशतैःby hundreds of arrows
शरशतैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशरशत
Formneuter, instrumental, plural
शितैःsharp
शितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootशित
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, plural

राम उवाच

R
Rāma
B
bhavān (honorific addressee)
T
tapas (austerity)
Ś
śara (arrows)

Educational Q&A

The verse condemns violence against a non-combatant—especially one devoted to tapas and advanced in age—framing such an act as a grave breach of dharma and a culmination of many sins.

Rāma addresses an honored person who has been slain despite being engaged in austerity and not fighting, and he denounces the killers for the extreme unrighteousness of shooting an elderly, non-resisting man with countless sharp arrows.