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Shloka 41

Dambhodbhava, Nara-Nārāyaṇa, and the Counsel to Abandon Hubris

Udyoga-parva 94

द्वादशेमानि वर्षाणि बने निर्व्युषितानि नः । त्रयोदशं तथाज्ञातैः सजने परिवत्सरम्‌,“बारह वर्षोतक हमने निर्जन वनमें निवास किया है और तेरहवाँ वर्ष जनसमुदायसे भरे हुए नगरमें अज्ञात रहकर बिताया है

dvādaśemāni varṣāṇi vane nirvyuṣitāni naḥ | trayodaśaṃ tathājñātaiḥ sajane parivatsaram ||

ഞങ്ങൾ പന്ത്രണ്ടു വർഷം ജനവാസമില്ലാത്ത വനത്തിൽ വസിച്ചു; പതിമൂന്നാം വർഷവും ജനസമൂഹം നിറഞ്ഞ നഗരത്തിൽ ആരും തിരിച്ചറിയാതെ ഒരു പൂർണ്ണവർഷം കഴിച്ചു.

द्वादशtwelve
द्वादश:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वादशन् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, accusative, plural
इमानिthese
इमानि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, accusative, plural
वर्षाणिyears
वर्षाणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, accusative, plural
वनेin the forest
वने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, locative, singular
निर्व्युषितानिwere spent/abided (fully lived out)
निर्व्युषितानि:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootनिर्वस् (धातु) → निर्व्युषित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त)
Formneuter, nominative, plural
नःof us / our
नः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formgenitive, plural
त्रयोदशम्the thirteenth
त्रयोदशम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रयोदशन् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, accusative, singular
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
अज्ञातैःunknown/unrecognized (by people)
अज्ञातैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअज्ञात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त; √ज्ञा)
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
सजनेamong people / in a populated place
सजने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसजन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, locative, singular
परिवत्सरम्a full year
परिवत्सरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपरिवत्सर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, accusative, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
P
Pāṇḍavas (implied by 'naḥ')
F
forest (vana)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights fidelity to dharma through strict observance of a pledged condition: enduring hardship (forest exile) and disciplined self-restraint (living incognito) to uphold truth and rightful claim.

In the Udyoga Parva context, the completion of the Pāṇḍavas’ mandated term—twelve years in the forest and the thirteenth year in concealment—is being stated, establishing their eligibility to demand the return of their kingdom and setting the stage for negotiations and conflict.